ArticleCurrent biology : CB2017
Strigolactone- and Karrikin-Independent SMXL Proteins Are Central Regulators of Phloem Formation.
Article in Current biology : CB, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
71 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 162 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- A group of TCP transcription factors is a missing link in strigolactone signaling.Journal of integrative plant biology · 2026Article
- Divergent strigolactones or karrikins signaling is mediated by preferred AtD14/KAI2-MAX2-SMXL complex targeting specific SMXL domains.iScience · 2026Article
- Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of theInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Grafting reveals organ-autonomous and feedback roles of root phloem development in source-sink dynamics.Journal of experimental botany · 2026Article
- Deciphering Alkaloid Bitter Compounds and Relevant Transcription Factors in Papaya.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutagenesis of SMXL4 alters plant height and yield-related traits in rice (cv. Samkwang).Scientific reports · 2026Article
- SMXL3 controls multiple aspects of Arabidopsis development via EAR motif-dependent and -independent functions.The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology · 2026Article
- Regulatory Mechanisms Underlying Stem Strength and Toughness in Dicotyledonous Plants: Implications for Soybean Breeding.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- LL3, a homolog of LONESOME HIGHWAY, regulates vascular cell proliferation in the root apical meristem.Plant & cell physiology · 2026Article
- JULGI coordinates vascular development and leaf patterning through non-cell-autonomous regulation of miR165/166.Nature communications · 2026Article
- VISUAL-PH and VISUAL-CC: Modified Culture Systems for Phloem Differentiation in Arabidopsis.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026Article
- The curious origins of a high-stress training technique mainlining: its molecular, biochemical, and agronomic perspectives for the cultivation of Cannabis sativa.Journal of cannabis research · 2025Review
- An AINTEGUMENTA phosphoswitch controls bilateral stem cell activity during secondary growth.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Pectin Metabolism Influences Phloem Architecture and Flowering Time in Arabidopsis Thaliana.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- T-DNAreader: fast and precise identification of T-DNA insertion sites in plant genomes using RNA sequencing data.Genome biology · 2025Article
- An N-terminal domain specifies developmental control by the SMAX1-LIKE family of transcriptional regulators inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Decay drives RNA abundance regulation using three distinct regulatory mechanisms.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Developmental landscape and asymmetric gene expression in the leaf vasculature ofHorticulture research · 2025Article
- Comprehensive mapping of Arabidopsis alternative splicing landscape reveals key insights into plant development and immunity.The plant genome · 2025Article
11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Plant stem cell niches, the meristems, require long-distance transport of energy metabolites and signaling molecules along the phloem tissue. However, currently it is unclear how specification of phloem cells is controlled. Here we show that the genes SUPPRESSOR OF MAX2 1-LIKE3 (SMXL3), SMXL4, and SMXL5 act as cell-autonomous key regulators of phloem formation in Arabidopsis thaliana. The three genes form an uncharacterized subclade of the SMXL gene family that mediates hormonal strigolactone and karrikin signaling. Strigolactones are endogenous signaling molecules regulating shoot and root branching [1] whereas exogenous karrikin molecules induce germination after wildfires [2]. Both activities depend on the F-box protein and SCF (Skp, Cullin, F-box) complex component MORE AXILLARY GROWTH2 (MAX2) [3-5]. Strigolactone and karrikin perception leads to MAX2-dependent degradation of distinct SMXL protein family members, which is key for mediating hormonal effects [6-12]. However, the nature of events immediately downstream of SMXL protein degradation and whether all SMXL proteins mediate strigolactone or karrikin signaling is unknown. In this study we demonstrate that, within the SMXL gene family, specifically SMXL3/4/5 deficiency results in strong defects in phloem formation, altered sugar accumulation, and seedling lethality. By comparing protein stabilities, we show that SMXL3/4/5 proteins function differently to canonical strigolactone and karrikin signaling mediators, although being functionally interchangeable with those under low strigolactone/karrikin signaling conditions. Our observations reveal a fundamental mechanism of phloem formation and indicate that diversity of SMXL protein functions is essential for a steady fuelling of plant meristems.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.