ArticleJournal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society2017
BCG vaccine powder-laden and dissolvable microneedle arrays for lesion-free vaccination.
Article in Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A systematic review of carbohydrate-based microneedles: current status and future prospects.Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Emerging and Prospective Engineering Technologies Enabling Microneedle Based Vaccine Therapeutics.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2026Review
- Safety Evaluation of Repeated Application of Polymeric Microarray Patches in Miniature Pigs.Advanced healthcare materials · 2025Article
- Engaging Broader Stakeholders to Accelerate Group AVaccines · 2025Review
- Co-delivery of targeted hypoallergens and resiquimod powders using silk fibroin microneedles for effective allergen-specific immunotherapy.Theranostics · 2025Article
- Current Status of Microneedle Array Technology for Therapeutic Delivery: From Bench to Clinic.Molecular biotechnology · 2024Review
- Review
- Microneedle-Mediated Immunization Promotes Lung CD8+ T-Cell Immunity.The Journal of investigative dermatology · 2023Article
- Protection against tuberculosis achieved by dissolving microneedle patches loaded with liveFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- The most promising microneedle device: present and future of hyaluronic acid microneedle patch.Drug delivery · 2022Review
- Microneedle Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems for Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy, Skin Disease Treatment, and Vaccine Development.Yonsei medical journal · 2022Review
- Potential of Microneedle Systems for COVID-19 Vaccination: Current Trends and Challenges.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Microneedle-Based Vaccine Delivery: Review of an Emerging Technology.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2022Review
- Transdermal Drug Delivery in the Pig Skin.Pharmaceutics · 2021Article
- Finite Element Analysis for Biodegradable Dissolving Microneedle Materials on Skin Puncture and Mechanical Performance Evaluation.Polymers · 2021Article
- Cryomicroneedles for transdermal cell delivery.Nature biomedical engineering · 2021Article
- A review of the BCG vaccine and other approaches toward tuberculosis eradication.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2021Review
- Dissolvable Microneedle Patches to Enable Increased Access to Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 and Future Pandemic Outbreaks.Vaccines · 2021Article
- Development of vaccine formulations: past, present, and future.Drug delivery and translational research · 2021Review
- Progress in microneedle array patch (MAP) for vaccine delivery.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Live attenuated Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) bacillus is the only licensed vaccine for tuberculosis prevention worldwide to date. It must be delivered intradermally to be effective, which causes severe skin inflammation and sometimes, permanent scars. To minimize the side effects, we developed a novel microneedle array (MNA) that could deliver live attenuated freeze-dried BCG powder into the epidermis in a painless, lesion-free, and self-applicable fashion. The MNA was fabricated with biocompatible and dissolvable hyaluronic acid with a deep cave formed in the basal portion of each microneedle, into which BCG powder could be packaged directly. Viability of BCG vaccine packaged in the caves and the mechanical strength of the powder-laden MNA did not alter significantly before and after more than two months of storage at room temperature. Following insertion of the MNA into the skin, individual microneedle shafts melted away by interstitial fluid from the epidermis and upper dermis, exposing the powder to epidermal tissues. The powder sucked interstitial fluid, dissolved slowly, and diffused into the epidermis in a day against the interstitial fluid influx. Vaccination with BCG-MNA caused no overt skin irritation, in marked contrast to intradermal vaccination that provoked severe inflammation and bruise. While causing little skin irritation, vaccination efficacy of BCG-MNAs was comparable to that of intradermal immunization whether it was evaluated by humoral or cellular immunity. This powder-laden and dissolvable MNA represents a novel technology to sufficiently deliver live attenuated vaccine powders into the skin.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.