Trial reportClinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology2017
High fractional exhaled nitric oxide and sputum eosinophils are associated with an increased risk of future virus-induced exacerbations: A prospective cohort study.
Trial report in Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of respiratory viruses in stable and acute asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2026Pooled it
- INEXAS: A Phase 2 Randomized Trial of On-demand Inhaled Interferon Beta-1a in Severe Asthmatics.Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2021Trial
- High fractional exhaled nitric oxide and sputum eosinophils are associated with an increased risk of future virus-induced exacerbations: A prospective cohort study.Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2017Trial
- The role of innate immune system in respiratory viral infection related asthma.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Antiviral roles of eosinophils in asthma and respiratory viral infection.Frontiers in allergy · 2025Review
- When patient-reported respiratory symptoms shed light on pathophysiology in adult asthma: a cross-sectional study.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Type-2 inflammation and lung function decline in chronic airway disease in the general population.Thorax · 2024Article
- Resolution of Eosinophilic Pneumonia after Coronavirus Disease 2019 without Systemic Corticosteroids.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2023Article
- A cross-sectional analysis of medical conditions and environmental factors associated with fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) in women and children from the ISA birth cohort, Costa Rica.Environmental research · 2023Article
- Innate Immune Responses by Respiratory Viruses, Including Rhinovirus, During Asthma Exacerbation.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- The relationship between asthma, eosinophilia, and outcomes in coronavirus disease 2019 infection.Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology · 2021Article
- Anti-alarmins in asthma: targeting the airway epithelium with next-generation biologics.The European respiratory journal · 2020Review
- Virus-Induced Asthma Exacerbations: SIRT1 Targeted Approach.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Review
- Eosinophil responses during COVID-19 infections and coronavirus vaccination.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2020Review
- Bronchoscopy in severe childhood asthma: Irresponsible or irreplaceable?Pediatric pulmonology · 2020Review
- The Impact of Ambient Environmental Exposures to Microbial Products on Asthma Outcomes from Birth to Childhood.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2019Review
- Fractional exhaled nitric oxide was not associated with the future risk of exacerbations in Chinese asthmatics: a non-interventional 1-year real-world study.Journal of thoracic disease · 2019Article
- Asthma exacerbations in a subtropical area and the role of respiratory viruses: a cross-sectional study.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2018Article
- Asthma Endotyping and Biomarkers in Childhood Asthma.Pediatric allergy, immunology, and pulmonology · 2018Review
- Eosinophils from Physiology to Disease: A Comprehensive Review.BioMed research international · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe major trigger of asthma exacerbations is infection with a respiratory virus, most commonly rhinovirus. Type 2 inflammation is known to be associated with an increased risk of exacerbations in general. Whether type 2 inflammation at baseline increases the risk of future virus-induced exacerbations is unknown.
objectiveTo assess whether type 2 inflammation is associated with an increased risk of virus-induced exacerbations of asthma.
methodsStable asthmatics had spirometry, skin prick test, measurement of FeNO and sputum induced for differential cell counts. Patients were followed up for 18 months, during which they were assessed at the research unit when they had symptoms of an exacerbation. Nasal swabs collected at these assessments underwent viral detection by PCR.
resultsA total of 81 asthma patients were recruited, of which 22 (27%) experienced an exacerbation during the follow-up period. Of these, 15 (68%) had a respiratory virus detected at exacerbation. Sputum eosinophils >1% at baseline increased the risk of having a subsequent virus-induced exacerbation (HR 7.6 95% CI: 1.6-35.2, P=.010) as did having FeNO >25 ppb (HR 3.4 95% CI: 1.1-10.4, P=.033). CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Established type 2 inflammation during stable disease is a risk factor for virus-induced exacerbations in a real-life setting. Measures of type 2 inflammation, such as sputum eosinophils and FeNO, could be included in the risk assessment of patients with asthma in future studies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.