ArticleEndocrine2017
Association between lifestyle and anthropometric parameters and thyroid nodule features.
Article in Endocrine, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mapping global epidemiology of thyroid nodules among general population: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Pooled it
- The Impact of Change in Practicing Cytopathologists' Team on Risk of Malignancy in a Retrospective Single-Centre Project of 652 Thyroid Nodules: A Quality Assurance Project.Cytopathology : official journal of the British Society for Clinical Cytology · 2026Article
- Association between the Chinese visceral adiposity index and thyroid nodule risk: a retrospective analysis of cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort studies.BMC endocrine disorders · 2026Article
- High prevalence of thyroid nodules and their association with cardiometabolic risk in Mongolia.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- A Comprehensive Exploration of Thyroid Nodules Diagnosis, Epidemiology and Pathophysiology with Emphasis on the Role of Traditional Chinese Medicine Treatment.International journal of general medicine · 2026Review
- Association of Central Obesity and Diabetes with Thyroid Nodules: A 3.2-year Prospective Study in Chinese Adults.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2026Article
- Insulin resistance factors associated with differentiated thyroid carcinoma and malignant cytology: serum thyroxine as an associated factor.Annals of medicine · 2025Observational
- Thermal Ablation as a Non-Surgical Alternative for Thyroid Nodules: A Review of Current Evidence.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- Adiposity Is Associated with a Higher Risk of Thyroid Malignancy in Patients with Hashimoto's Thyroiditis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Prevalence and predictors of thyroid nodules among adults: analyzing the association with metabolic syndrome in a cross-sectional study.BMC endocrine disorders · 2025Article
- Ultrasonic Imaging of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) and Metabolic Syndrome with and without Thyroid Nodules: A Case-Control Patient-Based Study.Advanced biomedical research · 2025Article
- Establishment and validation of a multivariate logistic model for risk factors of thyroid nodules using lasso regression screening.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Risk factors associated with the prevalence of thyroid nodules in adults in Northeast China: a cross-sectional population-based study.BMJ open · 2023Article
- Effect of ultrasound parameters of benign thyroid nodules on radiofrequency ablation efficacy.BMC medical imaging · 2023Article
- Thyroid Nodules and Obesity.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Effect of the Marine Exercise Retreat Program on Thyroid-Related Hormones in Middle-Aged Euthyroid Women.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Monocyte-to-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio Together With the Lymphocyte-to-Monocyte Ratio in Predicting the Malignancy of the Thyroid Nodule in Patients Complicated With Type 2 Diabetes.Clinical Medicine Insights. Oncology · 2023Article
- Prevalence of Thyroid Nodules and Associated Clinical Characteristics: Findings from a Large Sample of People Undergoing Health Checkups at a University Hospital in Vietnam.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2023Article
- OPG is associated with thyroid nodule development in type 2 diabetes.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2022Article
- Metabolic Profile Characterization of Different Thyroid Nodules Using FTIR Spectroscopy: A Review.Metabolites · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThyroid nodularity has been associated with obesity, but data regarding associations of body composition parameters with specific ultrasound features of thyroid nodules are lacking. The aim of the present study was to assess associations between thyroid nodule ultrasound characteristics, lifestyle, and anthropometric parameters. SUBJECTS AND
methodsThis was a cross-sectional study in the general apparently healthy population of Northern Greece. Thyroid ultrasound data together with medical history, demographic, and anthropometric characteristics were individually recorded. Body composition was evaluated using bioelectrical impedance.
resultsThree hundred and six subjects [215 females (70.3%), aged 20-83 years] were included. Ultrasound revealed one or more thyroid nodules in 168 subjects (54.9%). Subjects with thyroid nodules were more frequently females (p = 0.033), older (p < 0.001) and had higher fat mass (p = 0.011), total body fat percentage (p < 0.001) and waist circumference (p = 0.045) than subjects without nodules. In logistic regression analyses, age and female gender were the only independent predictors of presence of thyroid nodules, as well as specific sonographic features. Additionally, total body fat percentage was positively correlated with nodule size (rho = 0.210, p = 0.006) and was the only independent predictor of hypoechoic thyroid nodule(s) and peripheral vascularity, while lack of exercise was predictive of internal vascularity.
conclusionsBody fat accumulation and lack of exercise, used as surrogate markers of sedentary lifestyle, influence thyroid nodule size and could predict some ultrasonographic characteristics, like hypoechoicity and internal vascularity. Therefore, routine thyroid examination of obese patients and promotion of active lifestyle may be warranted to prevent thyroid nodule formation and possibly progression to malignancy.
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