ArticlePloS one2017
Assessing gene-environment interaction effects of FTO, MC4R and lifestyle factors on obesity using an extreme phenotype sampling design: Results from the HUNT study.
Article in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Identification of genetic loci affecting body mass index through interaction with multiple environmental factors using structured linear mixed model.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Trial
- Environmental Determinants of Pediatric Obesity: An Epidemiological Review.Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Interaction between a refined carbohydrate dietary pattern and genetic risk score for obesity in the Korean population.Public health nutrition · 2026Article
- Polygenic Risk Score Associated with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in an AmericanIndian Population.Journal of personalized medicine · 2025Article
- MC4-R variant confirms its association with obesity during progression from childhood to adolescence.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Predisposition of the CommonGenes · 2023Article
- NEFA Dynamics in Adults With Severe Obesity and Insulin Resistance: No Coupling to the rs9939609Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2023Article
- Gene-environment interaction explains a part of missing heritability in human body mass index.Communications biology · 2023Article
- Relationship between glucose homeostasis and obesity in early life-a study of Italian children and adolescents.Human molecular genetics · 2022Article
- Association of ADIPOQ-rs2241766 and FTO-rs9939609 genetic variants with body mass index trajectory in women of reproductive age over 6 years of follow-up: the PREDI study.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2022Article
- Associations ofGenes · 2021Article
- Article
- Dietary quality indices modifies the effects of melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) rs17782313 polymorphism on cardio-metabolic risk factors and hypothalamic hormones in obese adults.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2020Article
- Gene-Environment Interactions on Body Fat Distribution.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- Evaluation ofOman medical journal · 2019Article
- Genetic architecture of human thinness compared to severe obesity.PLoS genetics · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundOur aim was to assess the influence of age, gender and lifestyle factors on the effect of the obesity-promoting alleles of FTO and MCR4.
methodsThe HUNT study comprises health information on the population of Nord-Trøndelag county, Norway. Extreme phenotype participants (gender-wise lower and upper quartiles of waist-hip-ratio and BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2) in the third survey, HUNT3 (2006-08), were genotyped for the single-nucleotide polymorphisms rs9939609 (FTO) and rs17782313 (MC4R); 25686 participants were successfully genotyped. Extreme sampling was chosen to increase power to detect genetic and gene-environment effects on waist-hip-ratio and BMI. Statistical inference was based on linear regression models and a missing-covariate likelihood approach for the extreme phenotype sampling design. Environmental factors were physical activity, diet (artificially sweetened beverages) and smoking. Longitudinal analysis was performed using material from HUNT2 (1995-97).
resultsCross-sectional and longitudinal genetic effects indicated stronger genetic associations with obesity in young than in old, as well as differences between women and men. We observed larger genetic effects among physically inactive compared to active individuals. This interaction was age-dependent and seen mainly in 20-40 year olds. We observed a greater FTO effect among men with a regular intake of artificially sweetened beverages, compared to non-drinkers. Interaction analysis of smoking was mainly inconclusive.
conclusionsIn a large all-adult and area-based population survey the effects of obesity-promoting minor-alleles of FTO and MCR4, and interactions with life style factors are age- and gender-related. These findings appear relevant when designing individualized treatment for and prophylaxis against obesity.
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