ArticleSchizophrenia bulletin2018
Effectiveness of Prescription-Based CNS Stimulants on Hospitalization in Patients With Schizophrenia: A Nation-Wide Register Study.
Article in Schizophrenia bulletin, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of High-Frequency Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Cognitive Deficit in Schizophrenia: A Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2019Pooled it
- TRPV1 Suppresses Microglial Inflammatory Activation to Ameliorate Schizophrenia-Associated Behaviors in Maternal Separation Rats.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2026Article
- Comorbidity of Narcolepsy and Psychotic Disorders: A Nationwide Population-Based Study in Taiwan.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2020Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveNegative symptoms and cognitive deficits are main features of schizophrenia but with limited treatment options. Earlier studies have suggested that central nervous system (CNS) stimulants have a small effect on these domains, but with inconclusive results. As the first study to date, we aimed to investigate whether CNS stimulants improve naturalistic outcomes (psychiatric admissions and antipsychotic use) in patients with schizophrenia.
methodsBy using extensive health registers all patients with schizophrenia and their use of CNS stimulants in Denmark were identified. Two models were used to investigate the effectiveness of CNS stimulants in patients with schizophrenia between 1995 and 2014; a mirror-image model with 605 individuals, using paired t tests and Wilcoxon signed rank tests, and a follow-up study with 789 individuals, using a conditional risk-set model.
resultsCNS stimulants use was associated with a reduction in number of psychiatric admissions from 3.43 (95% CI = 2.86 to 4.01) to 2.62 (95% CI = 1.99 to 3.25) (P = .009), with a more pronounced reduction for women (mean difference: -1.37, 95% CI = -2.34 to -0.40, P = .006). Psychiatric bed-days were reduced by 40 (95% CI = 24.5 to 55.6, P < .001) for individuals with at least 1 admission before CNS stimulant use. In addition, the total amount of antipsychotic use (Defined Daily Dose [DDD]) was reduced (P = .001). The Hazard rate ratio in psychiatric admissions between women taking CNS stimulants compared to women not taking CNS stimulants was 0.77 (95% CI = 0.67 to 0.88).
conclusionCNS stimulants may have clinical potentials for improving functional outcomes in patients with schizophrenia and randomized clinical studies evaluating this topic are warranted.
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Registered trials
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