ReviewBritish journal of pharmacology2018
Targeting multiple opioid receptors - improved analgesics with reduced side effects?
Review in British journal of pharmacology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 79 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
79 citing papers in PubMed, 167 citations in OpenAlex.
- HSK21542 in patients with postoperative pain: two phase 3, multicentre, double-blind, randomized, controlled trials.Nature communications · 2025Trial
- Comparison of ED95 of Butorphanol and Sufentanil for gastrointestinal endoscopy sedation: a randomized controlled trial.BMC anesthesiology · 2020Trial
- Targeting GCell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Structural basis for dual targeting of μ-opioid and nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptors by Cebranopadol.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2026Article
- Molecular mechanism of allosteric modulation of opioid receptors.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Article
- Review
- Identification of Subtype-Selective Binding Sites in the Opioid Receptor Family.Journal of chemical information and modeling · 2026Article
- Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Novel, Subtype-Selective Fluorescent Antagonists Targeting the Nociceptin/Orphanin FQ Opioid Peptide Receptor.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2026Article
- Targeting the oxidative stress-neuroinflammation axis: the mechanism of arctigenin's broad-spectrum analgesia with limited side effects.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Comprehensive pharmacokinetics and ADME evaluation of Akuamma alkaloids.Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences · 2025Article
- The Inflammasome-miR Axis in Alzheimer's Disease and Chronic Pain: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities.Aging and disease · 2025Review
- PSD-95 Protein: A Promising Therapeutic Target in Chronic Pain.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Design, Synthesis, andACS pharmacology & translational science · 2024Article
- Analgesic Peptides: From Natural Diversity to Rational Design.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- G Protein-Coupled Receptor Dimerization-What Next?International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Microglia in morphine tolerance: cellular and molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Article
- (L)-Monomethyl Tyrosine (Mmt): New Synthetic Strategy via Bulky 'Forced-Traceless' Regioselective Pd-Catalyzed C(spPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Behavioral Effects and Analgesic Profile of Hemoglobin-Derived Valorphin and Its Synthetic Analog in Rodents.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Neuromodulation in Parkinson's disease targeting opioid and cannabinoid receptors, understanding the role of NLRP3 pathway: a novel therapeutic approach.Inflammopharmacology · 2023Review
19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Classical opioid analgesics, including morphine, mediate all of their desired and undesired effects by specific activation of the μ-opioid receptor (μ receptor). The use of morphine for treating chronic pain, however, is limited by the development of constipation, respiratory depression, tolerance and dependence. Analgesic effects can also be mediated through other members of the opioid receptor family such as the κ-opioid receptor (κ receptor), δ-opioid receptor (δ receptor) and the nociceptin/orphanin FQ peptide receptor (NOP receptor). Currently, a new generation of opioid analgesics is being developed that can simultaneously bind with high affinity to multiple opioid receptors. With this new action profile, it is hoped that additional analgesic effects and fewer side effects can be achieved. Recent research is mainly focused on the development of bifunctional μ/NOP receptor agonists, which has already led to novel lead structures such as the spiroindole-based cebranopadol and a compound class with a piperidin-4-yl-1,3-dihydroindol-2-one backbone (SR16835/AT-202 and SR14150/AT-200). In addition, the ornivol BU08028 is an analogue of the clinically well-established buprenorphine. Moreover, the morphinan-based nalfurafine exerts its effect with a dominant κ receptor-component and is therefore utilized in the treatment of pruritus. The very potent dihydroetorphine is a true multi-receptor opioid ligand in that it binds to μ, κ and δ receptors. The main focus of this review is to assess the paradigm of opioid ligands targeting multiple receptors with a single chemical entity. We reflect on this rationale by discussing the biological actions of particular multi-opioid receptor ligands, but not on their medicinal chemistry and design. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on Emerging Areas of Opioid Pharmacology. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.14/issuetoc.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.