Trial reportJournal of the National Cancer Institute2017
Local Treatment of Unresectable Colorectal Liver Metastases: Results of a Randomized Phase II Trial.
Trial report in Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 300 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Effect and Safety on Unresectable CRLM From RFA in Combination With Second-line Chemotherapy and Bevacizumab Compared With the Combination of Second-line Chemotherapy and Bevacizumab: a Randomized and Controlled Clinical Trial
Phase III Randomized Controlled Trial and Economic Evaluation of Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy for Comprehensive Treatment of Oligometastatic (1-3 Metastases) Cancer (SABR-COMET-3)
Immunotherapy in Combination With Ablative Radiosurgery to Ultra-high DoSes (ICARUS): A Phase I Dose-escalation Radiosurgery Study in Metastatic Cancers
Who cites it
300 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Emerging Indications for Interventional Oncology: A Comprehensive Systematic Review of Image-Guided Thermal Ablation for Metastatic Non-cervical Lymph Node Disease.Current oncology reports · 2024Pooled it
- Defining oligometastatic pancreatic cancer: a systematic review and critical synthesis of consensus.ESMO open · 2023Pooled it
- Triplet-drug chemotherapy combined with anti-EGFR antibody as an effective therapy for patients with initially unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis.World journal of surgical oncology · 2023Pooled it
- Chemotherapy and Targeted Therapy Strategies in Patients with Unresectable or Borderline Resectable Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Evidence for a Lack of Focus on Resection Rates.Annals of surgical oncology · 2023Pooled it
- Role of Local Treatment for Oligometastasis: A Comparability-Based Meta-Analysis.Cancer research and treatment · 2022Pooled it
- A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Patient Survival and Disease Recurrence Following Percutaneous Ablation of Pulmonary Metastasis.Cardiovascular and interventional radiology · 2022Pooled it
- Microwave Ablation, Radiofrequency Ablation, Irreversible Electroporation, and Stereotactic Ablative Body Radiotherapy for Intermediate Size (3-5 cm) Unresectable Colorectal Liver Metastases: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Current oncology reports · 2022Pooled it
- Missing colorectal liver metastases: the surgical challenge.Langenbeck's archives of surgery · 2021Pooled it
- Trial
- Software-based versus visual assessment of the minimal ablative margin in patients with liver tumours undergoing percutaneous thermal ablation (COVER-ALL): a randomised phase 2 trial.The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2025Trial
- Addition of Metastasis-Directed Therapy to Systemic Therapy for Oligometastatic Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (EXTEND): A Multicenter, Randomized Phase II Trial.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2024Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- Definitive Local Consolidative Therapy for Oligometastatic Solid Tumors: Results From the Lead-in Phase of the Randomized Basket Trial EXTEND.International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics · 2022Trial
- Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Lung and Liver Oligometastases from Breast Cancer: Toxicity Data of a Prospective Non-Randomized Phase II Trial.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2022Trial
- Triplet (FOLFOXIRI) Versus Doublet (FOLFOX or FOLFIRI) Regimen as First Line Treatment in Metastatic Colorectal Carcinoma, a Prospective Phase II, Randomized Controlled Trial.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2022Trial
- MR-guided adaptive versus ITV-based stereotactic body radiotherapy for hepatic metastases (MAESTRO): a randomized controlled phase II trial.Radiation oncology (London, England) · 2022Trial
- Management of potentially curable colorectal lung metastases with synchronous systemic therapy and percutaneous image-guided thermal ablation.Annals of medicine · 2026Article
- Results from the Pan-European CIEMAR study: Local Tumour Control After Microwave Ablation of Colorectal Liver Metastases and Exploratory Associations with Ablation Margins and Confirmation Software.Cardiovascular and interventional radiology · 2026Article
- [A transition from targeting immune evasion to a multidisciplinary collaborative treatment framework for "homotherapy for heteropathy" in liver metastases].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2026Review
240 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
18 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Background: Tumor ablation is often employed for unresectable colorectal liver metastases. However, no survival benefit has ever been demonstrated in prospective randomized studies. Here, we investigate the long-term benefits of such an aggressive approach. Methods: In this randomized phase II trial, 119 patients with unresectable colorectal liver metastases (n < 10 and no extrahepatic disease) received systemic treatment alone or systemic treatment plus aggressive local treatment by radiofrequency ablation ± resection. Previously, we reported that the primary end point (30-month overall survival [OS] > 38%) was met. We now report on long-term OS results. All statistical tests were two-sided. The analyses were according to intention to treat. Results: At a median follow up of 9.7 years, 92 of 119 (77.3%) patients had died: 39 of 60 (65.0%) in the combined modality arm and 53 of 59 (89.8%) in the systemic treatment arm. Almost all patients died of progressive disease (35 patients in the combined modality arm, 49 patients in the systemic treatment arm). There was a statistically significant difference in OS in favor of the combined modality arm (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.58, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.38 to 0.88, P = .01). Three-, five-, and eight-year OS were 56.9% (95% CI = 43.3% to 68.5%), 43.1% (95% CI = 30.3% to 55.3%), 35.9% (95% CI = 23.8% to 48.2%), respectively, in the combined modality arm and 55.2% (95% CI = 41.6% to 66.9%), 30.3% (95% CI = 19.0% to 42.4%), 8.9% (95% CI = 3.3% to 18.1%), respectively, in the systemic treatment arm. Median OS was 45.6 months (95% CI = 30.3 to 67.8 months) in the combined modality arm vs 40.5 months (95% CI = 27.5 to 47.7 months) in the systemic treatment arm. Conclusions: This phase II trial is the first randomized study demonstrating that aggressive local treatment can prolong OS in patients with unresectable colorectal liver metastases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.