ReviewSkeletal radiology2017
Stress fractures of the foot and ankle, part 1: biomechanics of bone and principles of imaging and treatment.
Review in Skeletal radiology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Overuse-Related Injuries of the Musculoskeletal System: Systematic Review and Quantitative Synthesis of Injuries, Locations, Risk Factors and Assessment Techniques.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Pooled it
- Wearable Health Devices in Health Care: Narrative Systematic Review.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2020Pooled it
- Effect of Foot Orthoses on Midfoot Pain and the Volume of Bone Marrow Lesions in the Midfoot: A Randomized Mechanism of Action Study.Arthritis care & research · 2026Trial
- Stress fractures of the foot - current evidence on management.Journal of clinical orthopaedics and trauma · 2024Article
- High-resolution ultrasound and MRI in the evaluation of the forefoot and midfoot.Journal of ultrasonography · 2023Article
- Republication of "Stress Fractures of the Foot and Ankle in Athletes".Foot & ankle orthopaedics · 2023Review
- Forefoot Injuries in Athletes: Integration of the Movement System.International journal of sports physical therapy · 2022Article
- The Application of Biomechanics Combined with Human Body Structure in Volleyball Technical Analysis.Computational intelligence and neuroscience · 2022Article
- [Stress fractures of the lower limbs].Der Orthopade · 2021Article
- Ultrasound and bone: a pictorial review.Journal of ultrasound · 2020Review
- Bone Stress Injuries in Runners: a Review for Raising Interest in Stress Fractures in Korea.Journal of Korean medical science · 2020Review
- Tibial bone stress injury: diagnostic performance and inter-reader agreement of an abbreviated 5-min magnetic resonance protocol.Skeletal radiology · 2020Article
- Magnetic resonance imaging of the ankle and foot.Polish journal of radiology · 2020Review
- [Stress fracture of athletes as a cause of groin pain].Der Radiologe · 2019Article
- Clinical applications of a computed tomography color "marrow mapping" algorithm to increase conspicuity of nondisplaced trabecular fractures.Emergency radiology · 2019Article
- Regulatory role of microRNA-185 in the recovery process after ankle fracture.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2018Article
- [Which typical foot fractures should the radiologist know?]Der Radiologe · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A stress fracture is a focal failure of bone induced by the summation of repetitive forces, which overwhelms the normal bone remodeling cycle. This review, the first of two parts, discusses the general principles of stress fractures of the foot and ankle. This includes bone structure, biomechanics of stress applied to bone, bone remodeling, risk factors for stress fracture, and general principles of imaging and treatment of stress fractures. Cortical bone and trabecular bone have a contrasting macrostructure, which leads to differing resistances to externally applied forces. The variable and often confusing imaging appearance of stress fractures of the foot and ankle can largely be attributed to the different imaging appearance of bony remodeling of trabecular and cortical bone. Risk factors for stress fracture can be divided into intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Stress fractures subject to compressive forces are considered low-risk and are treated with activity modification and correction of any modifiable risk factors. Stress fractures subject to tensile forces and/or located in regions of decreased vascularity are considered high risk, with additional treatment options including restricted weight-bearing or surgery.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.