ReviewJournal of anatomy2017
The plantar calcaneal spur: a review of anatomy, histology, etiology and key associations.
Review in Journal of anatomy, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 108 citations in OpenAlex.
- Medical imaging for plantar heel pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of foot and ankle research · 2022Pooled it
- Randomised control trial to compare the efficacy of traditional Thai massage and ultrasound therapy for treating plantar heel pain.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2025Trial
- The Efficacy of Focused Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy and Ultrasound Therapy in the Treatment of Calcar Calcanei: A Randomized Study.BioMed research international · 2023Trial
- Effectiveness of mechanical treatment with customized insole and minimalist flexible footwear for women with calcaneal spur: randomized controlled trial.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2022Trial
- Use of artificial neural networks to identify the predictive factors of extracorporeal shock wave therapy treating patients with chronic plantar fasciitis.Scientific reports · 2019Trial
- Article
- Do plantar calcaneal spurs make the plantar aponeurosis enthesis stronger? A biomechanical analysis.Journal of anatomy · 2026Article
- Calcaneal spur detection from lateral foot radiographs using deep feature engineering.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Short-term effects of combined kinesio taping and extracorporeal shock wave therapy in patients with plantar fasciitis.Acta orthopaedica et traumatologica turcica · 2026Article
- Comparison of Endoscopic Plantar Fascia Release With and Without Calcaneal Spur Excision for Recalcitrant Plantar Fasciitis.Foot & ankle orthopaedics · 2026Article
- Optimizing injection accuracy for Baxter's nerve entrapment: an ultrasonography-guided approach based on anatomical surface landmarks.Annals of medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Towards better management of sterile bone inflammation.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2025Article
- Comparison of the Short- and Long-Term Effects of Radiofrequency Thermocoagulation and Intralesional Cryoablation Treatments on Pain Management and Functional Recovery in Patients Diagnosed With Calcaneal Spur: Retrospective Study.Pain research & management · 2025Article
- Innovative approaches in the treatment of chronic plantar fasciitis: comparison of pulsed radiofrequency ablation and surgical intervention.International orthopaedics · 2024Article
- Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament is linked to heterotopic ossification of the ankle/foot tendons.Journal of bone and mineral metabolism · 2024Article
- Are enlarged peroneal tubercle and accessory anterolateral talar facet associated with calcaneal spur?Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2024Article
- Plantar Fasciitis with Chronic Baxter's Neuropathy Causing Hindfoot Pain - A Case Report.Journal of orthopaedic case reports · 2024Article
- Efficacy of Extracorporeal Shock Wave and Pulse Electromagnetic Field Therapies in Calcaneal Spurs.Archives of Iranian medicine · 2023Article
- Bilateral Paired Calcaneal Spur: A Rare Entity.Journal of orthopaedic case reports · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The plantar calcaneal spur (PCS) is a bony outgrowth from the calcaneal tuberosity and has been studied using various methods including cadavers, radiography, histology and surgery. However, there are currently a number of discrepancies in the literature regarding the anatomical relations, histological descriptions and clinical associations of PCS. Historically, authors have described the intrinsic muscles of the foot and/or the plantar fascia as attaching to the PCS. In this article we review the relationship between the PCS and surrounding soft tissues as well as examining the histology of the PCS. We identify a number of key associations with PCS, including age, weight, gender, arthritides, plantar fasciitis and foot position; these factors may function as risk factors in PCS formation. The etiology of these spurs is a contentious issue and it has been explained through a number of theories including the degenerative, inflammatory, traction, repetitive trauma, bone-formers and vertical compression theories. We review these and finish by looking clinically at the evidence that PCS causes heel pain.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.