ArticleBrain : a journal of neurology2017
Focal CA3 hippocampal subfield atrophy following LGI1 VGKC-complex antibody limbic encephalitis.
Article in Brain : a journal of neurology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 122 citations in OpenAlex.
- Retrograde Amnesia in LGI1 and CASPR2 Limbic Encephalitis: Two Case Reports and a Systematic Literature Review.European journal of neurology · 2025Pooled it
- MR Imaging Findings in Anti-Leucine-Rich Glioma Inactivated Protein 1 Encephalitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology · 2024Pooled it
- Structural Brain Changes Are Linked to Clinical and Cognitive Outcomes in Anti-LGI1 Encephalitis.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2026Observational
- Working Memory Deficits in Hippocampal Amnesia are Associated with Apathy.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026Article
- Diencephalic integrity explains aspects of hippocampal amnesia.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2026Article
- Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Early-Onset Versus Late-Onset LGI1-Antibody Encephalitis.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Article
- Acute and longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities in antibody-mediated encephalitis.Brain communications · 2026Article
- Impaired consolidation of spatial memory during sleep in patients with leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1-associated limbic encephalitis.Brain communications · 2026Article
- Risk of Epilepsy and Factors Associated With Time to Seizure Remission in Anti-LGI1 Encephalitis: Long-Term Outcome in 236 Patients.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2025Observational
- Autoimmune encephalitis-associated epilepsy.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2025Review
- Patient-derived monoclonal LGI1 autoantibodies elicit seizures, behavioral changes and brain MRI abnormalities in rodent models.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2025Article
- Cognitive Deficits in Anti-LGI1 Encephalitis Are Linked to Immunotherapy-Resistant White Matter Network Changes.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Subcortical shape biomarkers reveal limbic and basal ganglia damage in anti-LGI1 encephalitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Chitosan-Based Nanoformulations: Preclinical Investigations, Theranostic Advancements, and Clinical Trial Prospects for Targeting Diverse Pathologies.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2024Review
- Memory function in autoimmune encephalitis: a cross-sectional prospective study utilising multiple memory paradigms.Journal of neurology · 2024Article
- Peripherally-derived LGI1-reactive monoclonal antibodies cause epileptic seizures in vivo.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2024Article
- Predictors and Clinical Characteristics of Relapses in LGI1-Antibody Encephalitis.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2024Article
- Differential effects of bilateral hippocampal CA3 damage on the implicit learning and recognition of complex event sequences.Cognitive neuroscience · 2024Article
- Remote digital cognitive assessment reveals cognitive deficits related to hippocampal atrophy in autoimmune limbic encephalitis: a cross-sectional validation study.EClinicalMedicine · 2024Article
- Characterizing cognitive function in patients with autoimmune encephalitis: an Australian prospective study.Journal of neurology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging has linked chronic voltage-gated potassium channel (VGKC) complex antibody-mediated limbic encephalitis with generalized hippocampal atrophy. However, autoantibodies bind to specific rodent hippocampal subfields. Here, human hippocampal subfield (subiculum, cornu ammonis 1-3, and dentate gyrus) targets of immunomodulation-treated LGI1 VGKC-complex antibody-mediated limbic encephalitis were investigated using in vivo ultra-high resolution (0.39 × 0.39 × 1.0 mm3) 7.0 T magnetic resonance imaging [n = 18 patients, 17 patients (94%) positive for LGI1 antibody and one patient negative for LGI1/CASPR2 but positive for VGKC-complex antibodies, mean age: 64.0 ± 2.55 years, median 4 years post-limbic encephalitis onset; n = 18 controls]. First, hippocampal subfield quantitative morphometry indicated significant volume loss confined to bilateral CA3 [F(1,34) = 16.87, P < 0.0001], despite hyperintense signal evident in 5 of 18 patients on presentation. Second, early and later intervention (<3 versus >3 months from symptom onset) were associated with CA3 atrophy. Third, whole-brain voxel-by-voxel morphometry revealed no significant grey matter loss. Fourth, CA3 subfield atrophy was associated with severe episodic but not semantic amnesia for postmorbid autobiographical events that was predicted by variability in CA3 volume. The results raise important questions about the links with histopathology, the impact of the observed focal atrophy on other CA3-mediated reconstructive and episodic mechanisms, and the role of potential antibody-mediated pathogenicity as part of the pathophysiology cascade in humans.
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