ReviewCurrent rheumatology reports2017
The Paradox of Bone Formation and Bone Loss in Ankylosing Spondylitis: Evolving New Concepts of Bone Formation and Future Trends in Management.
Review in Current rheumatology reports, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effectiveness of different exercise mode interventions in improving disease activity in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a network and dose-dependent meta-analysis.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Pooled it
- A guideline on biomarkers in the diagnosis and evaluation in axial spondyloarthritis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Guideline
- Targeting macrophage-mediated TGF-β/BMP signaling in ankylosing spondylitis: from inflammation to pathological bone formation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Upregulated GDF-15 in Ankylosing Spondylitis: Pathologic Ossification Promotion through Ligament Fibroblast Osteogenic Differentiation.ACR open rheumatology · 2025Article
- Itaconate is a metabolic regulator of bone formation in homeostasis and arthritis.Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2024Article
- SPI1 Regulates the Progression of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Modulating TLR5 via NF-κB Signaling.Inflammation · 2023Article
- Article
- Interleukin-35 promotes Breg expansion and interleukin-10 production in CD19Clinical rheumatology · 2022Article
- Prevalence and Factors of Osteoporosis and High Risk of Osteoporotic Fracture in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Multicenter Comparative Study of Bone Mineral Density and the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Targeting chondrocytes for arresting bony fusion in ankylosing spondylitis.Nature communications · 2021Article
- Factors influencing peak bone mass gain.Frontiers of medicine · 2021Review
- Immunological Changes in Peripheral Blood of Ankylosing Spondylitis Patients during Anti-TNF-Journal of immunology research · 2021Observational
- Anti-Osteogenic Effect of Danshensu in Ankylosing Spondylitis: AnFrontiers in pharmacology · 2021Article
- TNF‑α treatment increases DKK1 protein levels in primary osteoblasts via upregulation of DKK1 mRNA levels and downregulation of miR‑335‑5p.Molecular medicine reports · 2020Article
- Conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs therapy may not slow spinal radiographic progression in ankylosing spondylitis: results from an 18-year longitudinal dataset.Therapeutic advances in musculoskeletal disease · 2020Article
- Low bone mineral density of vertebral lateral projections can predict spinal radiographic damage in patients with ankylosing spondylitis.Clinical rheumatology · 2019Article
- Wnt Signaling and Biological Therapy in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Spondyloarthritis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- Serum miR-21 expression correlates with radiographic progression but also low bone mineral density in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a cross-sectional study.Innate immunity · 2019Article
- Evaluation of serum fibroblast growth factor-23 in patients with axial spondyloarthritis and its association with sclerostin, inflammation, and spinal damage.Rheumatology international · 2019Article
- Targeting tumor necrosis factor receptors in ankylosing spondylitis.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purpose of reviewThe purpose of the study is to briefly review the molecular mechanisms that leads to structural damage in ankylosing spondylitis (AS), defined as new bone formation resulting in complete or incomplete ankylosis of the spine, and the impact of treatment with biologics to retard this process. RECENT
findingsThe understanding of molecular mechanisms leading to new bone formation in AS has significantly improved but is still incomplete. Availability of biologics has greatly enhanced the treatment of patients with AS, but its impact on slowing the structural damage is still a matter of debate, although a few observational studies have shown that long term use of TNF-α blockers may slow radiographic progression. The availability of newer biologics targeting IL-17/1L23 has shown some promising results in slowing radiographic progression in AS. Although the availability of TNF-inhibitors has greatly enhanced the treatment options for patients with AS, their impact on slowing the structural damage is still not clearly established. However, preliminary results using newer biologics targeting IL-17/1L23 axis are more encouraging but longer follow-up is needed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.