ArticleImmunoTargets and therapy2017
Phase I clinical trial of sipuleucel-T combined with escalating doses of ipilimumab in progressive metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer.
Article in ImmunoTargets and therapy, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Utility of cell-based vaccines as cancer therapy: Systematic review and meta-analysis.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Pooled it
- Outcomes in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer who received sipuleucel-T and no immediate subsequent therapy: experience at Dana Farber and in the PROCEED Registry.Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases · 2022Trial
- Synergistic potential of sipuleucel-T in enhancing immunotherapy for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Review
- Cancer Immunotherapy in Combination with Radiotherapy and/or Chemotherapy: Mechanisms and Clinical Therapy.MedComm · 2025Review
- Cellular Immunotherapy for Prostate Cancer: Lessons Learned From 15 Years of Sipuleucel-T.Prostate cancer · 2025Review
- A Comprehensive Exploration of Agents Targeting Tumor Microenvironment: Challenges and Future Perspectives.Journal of immunotherapy and precision oncology · 2024Review
- Prostate cancer therapy using immune checkpoint molecules to target recombinant dendritic cells.Investigative and clinical urology · 2024Article
- Metal-based nanoparticle in cancer treatment: lessons learned and challenges.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2024Review
- Vaccines as treatments for prostate cancer.Nature reviews. Urology · 2023Review
- Review
- Molecular mechanisms augmenting resistance to current therapies in clinics among cervical cancer patients.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2023Review
- Peptide-based vaccine for cancer therapies.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Current Developments in Cellular Therapy for Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review of Clinical Studies.Cancers · 2022Review
- A Mutated Prostatic Acid Phosphatase (PAP) Peptide-Based Vaccine Induces PAP-Specific CD8Cancers · 2022Article
- Combination therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs); a new frontier.Cancer cell international · 2022Review
- Immunotherapy: Reshape the Tumor Immune Microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Article
- Targeting the spectrum of immune checkpoints in prostate cancer.Expert review of clinical pharmacology · 2021Review
- Review
- Cancer Vaccines for Genitourinary Tumors: Recent Progresses and Future Possibilities.Vaccines · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSipuleucel-T (SIP-T), which functions by stimulating cancer-specific dendritic cells, prolongs survival in men with prostate cancer. Ipilimumab (IPI) achieved a borderline survival advantage in a large randomized trial. SIP-T and IPI are potentially synergistic. PATIENTS AND
methodsNine men with progressive metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) were treated prospectively with SIP-T followed immediately by IPI with one of the following doses of IPI: 1 mg/kg at 1 week after SIP-T; 1 mg/kg at 1 and 4 weeks after SIP-T; or 1 mg/kg at 1, 4, and 7 weeks after SIP-T. Three patients were evaluated at each level. Cancer-specific immunoglobulins directed at granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor/prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) fusion protein (PA2024) and PAP were measured prior to SIP-T, after SIP-T, 1 week after IPI, every other month for 5 months, then every 3 months for an additional 12 months.
resultsAdverse events of SIP-T were consistent with previous reports. IPI only caused a transient grade 1 rash in one patient. Median age, Gleason score, and number of previous hormonal interventions were 77 years, 8, and 3, respectively. Eight men had bone metastases and one had lymph node metastasis. Statistically significant increases in serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgG-IgM specific for PA2024 and PAP occurred after SIP-T. An additional statistically significant increase in the aforementioned immunoglobulins - above the levels achieved by SIP-T - occurred after IPI. Median clinical follow-up was 36 months (range: 26-40). Three patients died from progressive disease after 9, 18, and 20 months. Out of the remaining six patients, five of them needed further treatment that included abiraterone acetate, enzalutamide, radium-223 dichloride, and spot radiation. One patient had an undetectable PSA, who did not receive any other treatment except spot radiation. Median PSA at last follow-up for the surviving patients was 3.8 (range: 0.6-7.47).
conclusionIn this small trial, the addition of IPI to SIP-T was well tolerated. IPI increased immunoglobulins specific for the PA2024 protein and PAP above the level achieved with SIP-T alone.
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