ReviewWorld journal of orthopedics2017
Lower limb stress fractures in sport: Optimising their management and outcome.
Review in World journal of orthopedics, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 76 citations in OpenAlex.
- Jones fractures in elite athletes-2025 International Foot and Ankle Sports Consensus and systematic review.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2026Pooled it
- Incidence, Anatomic Distribution, and Return to Training After Stress Fractures in Okinawan Athletes.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2026Article
- Effects of Body Weight Unloading and Treadmill Belt Surface on Tibial Acceleration-Based Loading Indicators During Running on a Microgravity Treadmill.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Calcaneus and Traumatic Stress Fracture.Journal of orthopaedic case reports · 2025Article
- Influence of Manipulating Running Foot Strike Angle on Internal Loading of the Tibia.Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports · 2025Article
- Application of Wearable Insole Sensors in In-Place Running: Estimating Lower Limb Load Using Machine Learning.Biosensors · 2025Article
- Gender Differences in the Incidence and Types of Sports Injuries Among Female Athletes: A Scoping Review.Journal of nursing management · 2025Article
- Recurrent Medial Malleolar Stress Fracture: A Case Report and Discussion of Risk Factors.Cureus · 2024Article
- Stress Fracture after Arthroscopic Lesser Trochanter Resection: Diagnosis and Therapy.Hip & pelvis · 2024Article
- Speed and surface steepness affect internal tibial loading during running.Journal of sport and health science · 2024Article
- Review
- [High-risk stress fractures in competitive athletes].Unfallchirurgie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2023Review
- Return to sport following toe phalanx fractures: A systematic review.World journal of orthopedics · 2023Article
- The Role of Footwear, Foot Orthosis, and Training-Related Strategies in the Prevention of Bone Stress Injuries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of exercise science · 2023Review
- Stress fractures.Archives of endocrinology and metabolism · 2022Review
- Uncommon Bone Injuries in Soccer Players.Journal of human kinetics · 2021Article
- Bone Stress Injuries in Runners: a Review for Raising Interest in Stress Fractures in Korea.Journal of Korean medical science · 2020Review
- Early return to playing professional football following fixation of 5th metatarsal stress fractures may lead to delayed union but does not increase the risk of long-term non-union.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2019Article
- Bilateral femoral neck stress fractures in a high-performance young female runner.BMJ case reports · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Stress fractures in sport are becoming increasing more common, comprising up to 10% of all of sporting injuries. Around 90% of such injuries are located in the lower limb. This articles aims to define the optimal management of lower limb stress fractures in the athlete, with a view to maximise return rates and minimise return times to sport. Treatment planning of this condition is specific to the location of the injury. However, there remains a clear division of stress fractures by "high" and "low" risk. "Low risk" stress fractures are those with a low probability of fracture propagation, delayed union, or non-union, and so can be managed reliably with rest and exercise limitation. These include stress fractures of the Postero-Medial Tibial Diaphysis, Metatarsal Shafts, Distal Fibula, Medial Femoral Neck, Femoral Shaft and Calcaneus. "High risk" stress fractures, in contrast, have increased rates of fracture propagation, displacement, delayed and non-union, and so require immediate cessation of activity, with orthopaedic referral, to assess the need for surgical intervention. These include stress fractures of the Anterior Tibial Diaphysis, Fifth Metatarsal Base, Medial Malleolus, Lateral Femoral Neck, Tarsal Navicular and Great Toe Sesamoids. In order to establish the optimal methods for managing these injuries, we present and review the current evidence which guides the treatment of stress fractures in athletes. From this, we note an increased role for surgical management of certain high risk stress fractures to improve return times and rates to sport. Following this, key recommendations are provided for the management of the common stress fracture types seen in the athlete. Five case reports are also presented to illustrate the application of sport-focussed lower limb stress fracture treatment in the clinical setting.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.