ArticleJournal of foot and ankle research2017
Age-related reduction and independent predictors of toe flexor strength in middle-aged men.
Article in Journal of foot and ankle research, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Toe Grasp Strength and Its Association with Muscle Mass and Calcaneal Bone Status in Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of musculoskeletal & neuronal interactions · 2026Article
- Toe Grip Strength Shows Stronger Associations with Falls than Knee Extension or Hand Grip in Older Adults: A 1-year Prospective Cohort Study.Progress in rehabilitation medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Intra-Session Reliability and Predictive Value of Maximum Voluntary Isometric Contraction for Estimating One-Repetition Maximum in Older Women: A Randomised Split-Sample Study.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2025Article
- The Contributions of Knee Extension Strength and Hand Grip Strength to Factors Relevant to Physical Frailty: The Tanno-Sobetsu Study.Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Age-Related Reduction of Foot Intrinsic Muscle Function and the Relationship with Postural Stability in Old Adults.Clinical interventions in aging · 2024Article
- Foot Problems and Their Associations with Toe Grip Strength and Walking Speed in Community-Dwelling Older Individuals Using Day Services: A Cross-Sectional Study.Nursing reports (Pavia, Italy) · 2023Article
- Article
- Toe Grip strength declines earlier than hand grip strength and knee extension strength in community-dwelling older men: a cross sectional study.Journal of foot and ankle research · 2022Article
- Fat Is Consistently Present within the Plantar Muscular Space of the Human Foot-An Anatomical Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Article
- Validity and reliability of inertial measurement units measurements for running kinematics in different foot strike pattern runners.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2022Article
- Differences in toe flexor strength and foot morphology between wheelchair dependent and ambulant older people in long-term care: a cross-sectional study.Journal of foot and ankle research · 2021Article
- The correlation between toe flexor strength and performance-based measures of physical fitness in the elderly.Journal of physical therapy science · 2021Article
- The Added Value of Combined Timed Up and Go Test, Walking Speed, and Grip Strength on Predicting Recurrent Falls in Chinese Community-dwelling Elderly.Clinical interventions in aging · 2021Article
- Article
- Effect of foot care interventions for older adults using day care services.Nursing open · 2019Article
- Foot Characteristics and Falls among Community-dwelling Independent Elderly Women Who Can Walk Outdoors.Progress in rehabilitation medicine · 2019Article
- Association of body flexibility and carotid atherosclerosis in Japanese middle-aged men: a cross-sectional study.BMJ open · 2018Article
- Effect of Insoles with a Toe-Grip Bar on Toe Function and Standing Balance in Healthy Young Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Rehabilitation research and practice · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundToe flexor muscles play an important role in posture and locomotion, and poor toe flexor strength is a risk factor for falls. In this cross-sectional study, we estimated the age-related change in toe flexor strength and compared it with that of handgrip strength. Independent factors predicting toe flexor and handgrip strength were also determined.
methodsA total of 1401 male (aged 35-59 years) study participants were divided into five groups according to their chronological age; 35-39, 40-44, 45-49, 50-54, and 55-59 years. Toe flexor and handgrip strength, anthropometry, and resting blood pressure were measured. Fasting blood samples were collected to measure blood glucose, triglycerides, high- and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterols, and albumin. A self-administered lifestyle questionnaire was conducted.
resultsDecline in absolute toe flexor and handgrip strength began in the age groups 50-55 and 55-59 years, respectively. In comparison to the mean values of the youngest group, relative toe flexor strength (87.0 ± 26.6%) was significantly lower than handgrip strength (94.4 ± 13.1%) for the oldest group. Multiple regression analyses showed that independent factors predicting both toe flexor and handgrip strength were lean body mass, age, serum albumin, drinking habit, and fat mass. Additionally, fasting blood glucose, diastolic blood pressure, sleeping time and exercise habit were predicting factors of toe flexor strength but not of handgrip strength.
conclusionsAge-related reduction in toe flexor strength was earlier and greater than handgrip strength, and toe flexor strength reflects body composition and metabolic status.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.