Observational studyBMJ open2017
Venous thromboembolism in adults screened for sickle cell trait: a population-based cohort study with nested case-control analysis.
Observational study in BMJ open, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Phenome- and laboratory-wide meta-analyses of sickle cell trait reveal multi-system disease associations.American journal of human genetics · 2026Pooled it
- Sickle-Cell Trait as a Risk Factor for an Unprovoked Venous Thromboembolism: A Case Report.Cureus · 2023Article
- Article
- Management of the Sickle Cell Trait: An Opinion by Expert Panel Members.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Article
- COVID-19 and venous thromboembolism risk in patients with sickle cell disease.Blood advances · 2022Article
- Splenic infarction in sickle cell trait: A comprehensive systematic review of case studies.EJHaem · 2021Article
- Multiple thromboembolic events associated with bilateral superior vena cava and anomalous drainage into the left atrium.BMJ case reports · 2021Article
- Descriptive analysis of sickle cell patients living in France: The PHEDRE cross-sectional study.PloS one · 2021Observational
- Sickle cell trait and the potential risk of severe coronavirus disease 2019-A mini-review.European journal of haematology · 2020Review
- The molecular basis for the prothrombotic state in sickle cell disease.Haematologica · 2020Article
- Pregnancy in sickle cell trait: what we do and don't know.British journal of haematology · 2020Review
- Current Issues and Options for Hormonal Contraception in Adolescents and Young Adult Women With Sickle Cell Disease: An Update for Health Care Professionals.Mediterranean journal of hematology and infectious diseases · 2020Review
- Incidental Findings of Sickle Cell Trait From an Everyday Diabetes Test: Should General Health Care Providers and Testing Centers Report, Retest, or Refer?Clinical diabetes : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2020Review
- Health outcomes and services in children with sickle cell trait, sickle cell anemia, and normal hemoglobin.Blood advances · 2019Article
- Association Between Sickle Cell Trait With Selected Chronic Medical Conditions in U.S. Service Members.Military medicine · 2018Article
- Sickle cell disease, sickle trait and the risk for venous thromboembolism: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Thrombosis journal · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo determine whether sickle cell carriers ('sickle cell trait') have an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE).
designCohort study with nested case-control analysis.
settingGeneral population with data from 609 UK general practices in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD).
participantsAll individuals registered with a CPRD general practice between 1998 and 2013, with a medical record of screening for sickle cell between 18 and 75 years of age. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES: Incidence of VTE per 10 000 person-years (PY) among sickle cell carriers and non-carriers; and adjusted OR for VTE among sickle cell carriers compared with non-carriers.
resultsWe included 30 424 individuals screened for sickle cell, with a follow-up time of 179 503 PY, identifying 55 VTEs in 6758 sickle cell carriers and 125 VTEs in 23 666 non-carriers. VTE incidence among sickle cell carriers (14.9/10 000 PY; 95% CI 11.4 to 19.4) was significantly higher than non-carriers (8.8/10 000 PY; 95% CI 7.4 to 10.4). Restricting analysis to confirmed non-carriers was non-significant, but performed on a small sample. In the case-control analysis (180 cases matched to 1775 controls by age and gender), sickle cell carriers remained at increased risk of VTE after adjusting for body mass index, pregnancy, smoking status and ethnicity (OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.18 to 2.69, p=0.006), with the greatest risk for pulmonary embolism (PE) (OR 2.27, 95% CI 1.17 to 4.39, p=0.011).
conclusionsAlthough absolute numbers are small, in a general population screened for sickle cell, carriers have a higher incidence and risk of VTE, particularly PE, than non-carriers. Clinicians should be aware of this elevated risk in the clinical care of sickle cell carriers, or when discussing carrier screening, and explicitly attend to modifiable risk factors for VTE in these individuals. More complete primary care coding of carrier status could improve analysis.
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