ArticleSAGE open medicine2016
Effect of high-intensity training on endothelial function in patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease: A systematic review.
Article in SAGE open medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Effects of Different Intensities of Endurance Training on Neurotrophin Levels and Functional and Cognitive Outcomes in Post-Ischaemic Stroke Adults: A Randomised Clinical Trial.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Trial
- Design and rationale for MICROFIT (Microvascular Coronary Rehabilitation For Improving Treatment)-a feasibility randomized trial of intensive lifestyle rehabilitation for symptomatic coronary microvascular dysfunction.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Exercise to Mitigate Cerebrovascular Aging: A Geroscience Perspective.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2024Review
- Aerobic high-intensity interval exercise training in patients with angina and no obstructive coronary artery disease: feasibility and physiological effects.European heart journal open · 2023Article
- Implementation of home-based health promotion program to improve flow-mediated dilation among patients with subacute stroke.Journal of education and health promotion · 2020Article
- Home-based aerobic exercise in patients with lacunar stroke: Design of the HITPALS randomized controlled trial.Contemporary clinical trials communications · 2019Article
- Effect of Home-Based High-Intensity Interval Training in Patients With Lacunar Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Frontiers in neurology · 2019Article
- Cardiac Rehabilitation and Exercise Prescription in Symptomatic Patients with Non-Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease-a Systematic Review.Current treatment options in cardiovascular medicine · 2018Review
- Cucumis sativus Aqueous Fraction Inhibits Angiotensin II-Induced Inflammation and Oxidative Stress In Vitro.Nutrients · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesExercise improves endothelial dysfunction, the key manifestation of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, and is recommended in both cardiovascular and cerebrovascular rehabilitation. Disagreement remains, however, on the role of intensity of exercise. The purpose of this review was to gather current knowledge on the effects of high-intensity training versus moderate-intensity continuous exercise on endothelial function in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular patients.
methodsA systematic review was performed in PubMed database, Embase and Cochrane libraries and on PEDro using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Studies were restricted to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular patients, and healthy subjects as general reference. Interventions comprised of high-intensity training alone, high-intensity training compared to moderate-intensity continuous exercise, or no training, with endothelial function as outcome measure. Endothelial function was measured either physiologically by flow-mediated dilatation and/or by systemic biomarkers. Data were analyzed descriptively due to non-comparability for a meta-analysis to be performed.
resultsA total of 20 studies were included in the review. Although there was great heterogenecity in design, population and exercise protocols, all studies found high-intensity training to be safe. High-intensity training was equal to moderate-intensity continuous exercise through improvement in endothelial function in 15 of the 20 selected studies, as measured by flow-mediated dilatation, nitric oxide bioavailability and circulating biomarkers. Only a few studies examined high-intensity training in cerebrovascular patients, none with endothelial function as outcome.
conclusionHigh-intensity training is promising as a time-efficient exercise strategy in cardiovascular rehabilitation, but data on endothelial effects in cerebrovascular rehabilitation are warranted. Agreement on a more uniform exercise protocol is essential to further investigate the optimal exercise mode for cerebrovascular rehabilitation.
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Registered trials
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