ArticleBMJ open2017
Determinants of second pregnancy among pregnant women: a hospital-based cross-sectional survey in China.
Article in BMJ open, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review of the childbearing needs of single-child couples.BMC women's health · 2024Pooled it
- Assessing male and female clinicians' intentions for a third child in China: A cross-sectional survey analysis with gender-specific insights.Journal of global health · 2025Article
- Reproductive Characteristics and Trends of Major Pregnancy Outcomes of Women at Different Parities - Beijing Municipality, China, 2013-2022.China CDC weekly · 2024Article
- Intention of having a second child among infertile and fertile women attending outpatient gynecology clinics in three major cities in China: a cross-sectional study.Human reproduction open · 2018Article
- [Short-term clinical outcomes of neonates of secundiparous mothers: a single-center cohort study].Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2017Article
- Smoking in pregnancy: a cross-sectional study in China.Tobacco induced diseases · 2017Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThis study aimed to explore determinants of second pregnancy and underlying reasons among pregnant Chinese women.
designThe study was a population-based cross-sectional survey.
setting16 hospitals in 5 provinces of Mainland China were included.
participantsA total of 2345 pregnant women aged 18 years or above were surveyed face to face by investigators between June and August 2015.
main outcome measuresThe pregnancy statuses (first or second pregnancy) and reasons for entering second pregnancy.
resultsA total of 1755 (74.8%) and 590 (25.2%) women in their respective first and second pregnancies were enrolled in this study. The most common self-reported reasons for entering second pregnancy among participants included the benefits to the first child (26.1%), love of children (25.8%), adoption of the 2-child policy (11.5%), concerns about losing the first child (7.5%) and suggestions from parents (7.5%). Pregnant women with low (prevalence ratio (PR) 1.96; 95% CI 1.62 to 2.36) and moderate education level (PR 1.97; 95% CI 1.65 to 2.36) were more likely to have a second pregnancy than their higher educated counterparts. Income was inversely associated with second pregnancy. However, unemployed participants (PR 0.79; 95% CI 0.66 to 0.95) were less likely to enter a second pregnancy than those employed. Women with moderate education were 3 times more likely to have a second child following the '2-child policy' than the low education level subgroup.
conclusions1 in every 4 pregnant women is undergoing a second pregnancy. The benefits of the firstborn or the love of children were the key drivers of a second pregnancy. Low socioeconomic status was positively associated with a second pregnancy as well. The new 2-child policy will have an influence on China's demographics.
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