ArticleNeurobiology of aging2017
Cerebral microbleeds and risk of incident dementia: the Framingham Heart Study.
Article in Neurobiology of aging, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Imaging markers of cerebral small vessel disease are associated with Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Pooled it
- Association Between Blood Pressure Variability and Cerebral Small-Vessel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2020Pooled it
- Clinical Significance of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Markers of Vascular Brain Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA neurology · 2019Pooled it
- Clinical significance of cerebral microbleeds on MRI: A comprehensive meta-analysis of risk of intracerebral hemorrhage, ischemic stroke, mortality, and dementia in cohort studies (v1).International journal of stroke : official journal of the International Stroke Society · 2018Pooled it
- Age, Multidomain Lifestyle Intervention, and White Matter Integrity: Secondary Analysis of the POINTER Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2026Trial
- The enigma of vascular dementia: current state and emerging perspectives.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026Review
- Race and Regional Differences in Cerebral Microbleeds in Individuals with Incident Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack: The REGARDS Study.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- Peripheral vascular function, including endothelium-dependent measures, and dementia risk: The Framingham Heart Study.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Prevalence of Cerebral Microbleeds and Association With Vascular Risk Factors in a Hispanic and Latino American Cohort.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- Cerebral microbleed patterns and the risk of incident dementia in elderly adults: The ARIC study.PloS one · 2026Article
- Neuroimaging and Genetic Markers of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease and Cognitive Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (NEUROGEN-SVD Study).Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Multimarker Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Score and Risk of Incident Dementia in the Framingham Heart Study.Neurology · 2025Observational
- Prevalent Cardiovascular Disease and Atrial Fibrillation in Relation to Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Burden.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Connecting the dots: A narrative review of the relationship between heart failure and cognitive impairment.ESC heart failure · 2025Review
- Chronic kidney disease as a catalyst for cerebral microbleeds: understanding the underlying mechanisms and treatment approaches.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- Prevalence and Risk Factors of Cerebral Microbleeds among Egyptian Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke.Neuroepidemiology · 2025Article
- Cerebrovascular markers of WMH and infarcts in ADNI: A historical perspective and future directions.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Review
- Cerebral Microbleeds in Different Brain Regions and Their Associations With the Digital Clock-Drawing Test: Secondary Analysis of the Framingham Heart Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2024Article
- Variations in Risk Factors across Different Periods of Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack Recurrence.European neurology · 2024Article
- The association between circulating CD34+CD133+ endothelial progenitor cells and reduced risk of Alzheimer's disease in the Framingham Heart Study.Exploration of medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are MRI markers attributed to the most common cerebral angiopathies in the elderly and in patients with dementia: hypertensive and cerebral amyloid angiopathy. CMB detection in asymptomatic persons may help identify those at risk for dementia and may influence preventive strategies and design of clinical trials testing treatments for dementia. We studied the association of CMB with risk of incident dementia in community dwelling individuals. A total of 1296 dementia-free Framingham Heart Study participants (mean age 72 years; 54% women) with available brain MRI and incident dementia data during a mean follow-up period of 6.7 years were included. Using Cox proportional hazards models, we related CMB presence to incident dementia. Multivariable models were adjusted for age, sex, APOE status, and education, with additional models adjusting for vascular risk factors and MRI markers of ischemic brain injury. CMBs were observed in 10.8% and incident dementia in 85 participants (6.6% over study period). Participants with any CMB had 1.74 times higher risk of dementia (hazard ratio [HR] 1.74, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00-3.01), whereas those with deep and mixed CMB had a three-fold increased risk (HR 2.99, 95% CI 1.52-5.90). The associations were independent of vascular risk factors, and for deep and mixed CMB also independent of MRI markers of ischemia (HR 2.44, 95% CI 1.22-4.88). Purely lobar CMBs were not associated with incident dementia. Our findings support a role for hypertensive vasculopathy and the interplay of hypertensive and cerebral amyloid angiopathy in risk of dementia and suggest that CMB presence can identify individuals at risk of dementia.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.