ArticleInternational journal of circumpolar health2017
A descriptive quantitative study of 7- and 8-year-old children's outdoor recreation, cold exposure and symptoms in winter in Northern Finland.
Article in International journal of circumpolar health, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Qualitative identification and characterisation of self-reported symptoms arising in humans during experimental exposure to cold air.International journal of circumpolar health · 2019Trial
- Cold air exposure at - 15 °C induces more airway symptoms and epithelial stress during heavy exercise than rest without aggravated airway constriction.European journal of applied physiology · 2022Article
- A breathing mask attenuates acute airway responses to exercise in sub-zero environment in healthy subjects.European journal of applied physiology · 2022Article
- An experimental exposure study revealing composite airway effects of physical exercise in a subzero environment.International journal of circumpolar health · 2021Article
- Exercise in Sub-zero Temperatures and Airway Health: Implications for Athletes With Special Focus on Heat-and-Moisture-Exchanging Breathing Devices.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2020Review
- The Prevalence of Asthma and Respiratory Symptoms among Cross-Country Skiers in Early Adolescence.Canadian respiratory journal · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIn Finland, children spend a lot of time outdoors in winter. Outdoor recreation in winter has a wide variety of effects on children's well-being. Although children are a subgroup that is vulnerable to cold exposure, remarkably little research has been done on the subject.
objectiveThe aim of this study was to describe children's outdoor recreation, cold exposure and symptoms in winter in Northern Finland.
designThis was a descriptive quantitative study. The participants consisted of 30 children aged 7-8 years who were living in the provinces of Lapland and Northern Ostrobothnia in Finland. Data were collected by using electronic data-logging thermometers fixed on children's outerwear for a month. The thermometers recorded the environmental temperature every five minutes and from that temperature data, we were able to discern the exact amount and duration of children's outdoor recreation. In addition, information on the children's cold symptoms was collected with structured daily entries.
resultsCold weather was not an obstacle to children's outdoor activities in Finland. However, the duration of outdoor recreation shortened when the outdoor air temperature decreased. There were no significant differences between boys and girls in terms of time spent outdoors. Remarkably, every child reported symptoms associated with cold. Almost half of the children reported experiencing respiratory symptoms and some children also experienced cold pain and numbness.
conclusionsThe results of this study illustrate the many and varied effects that cold exposure can have on children's health and well-being. In order to prevent negative health effects of cold exposure on children, structured prevention strategies are needed: therefore, children's exposure to cold should be studied more. Future research should also bring out more the positive health effects of outdoor recreation on children's growth and development..
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