ArticleOncoimmunology
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) from patients with glioma.
Article in Oncoimmunology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 68 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
68 citing papers in PubMed, 85 citations in OpenAlex.
- Convection-Enhanced Delivery of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes Enhances Intratumoral Distribution and Therapeutic Efficacy in an Orthotopic Rat Glioma Model.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- T Cell Exhaustion in Cancer Immunotherapy: Heterogeneity, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Opportunities.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Development and validation of a diagnostic machine learning model for gastric cancer risk based on double-negative T cell-related features.Cancer cell international · 2026Article
- Glioblastoma stem cells as carriers of tumour memory: a strategy for personalised immunotherapy using tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Immune dysregulation in endometriosis: the T cell perspective.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The science of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL): perspectives from the SITC Surgery Committee.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Review
- Unraveling Glioblastoma Heterogeneity: Advancing Immunological Insights and Therapeutic Innovations.Brain sciences · 2025Review
- Tumor infiltration therapy: from FDA approval to next-generation approaches.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2025Review
- Harnessing Immune Rejuvenation: Advances in Overcoming T Cell Senescence and Exhaustion in Cancer Immunotherapy.Aging cell · 2025Review
- Causal association of breast cancer with immune cells: new evidence from bi-directional Mendelian randomization using GWAS summary statistics.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- Reverse-engineering the FLT3-PI3K/AKT axis to enhance TILs function and improve prognosis in ovarian and cervical cancers.Journal of ovarian research · 2025Article
- Differential effects of immobilized CCL21 and ICAM1 on TILs with distinct expansion properties.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Targeting LLT1 as a potential immunotherapy option for cancer patients non-responsive to existing checkpoint therapies in multiple solid tumors.BMC cancer · 2024Article
- Review
- Cranioencephalic functional lymphoid units in glioblastoma.Nature medicine · 2024Article
- [Clinicopathological characteristics of the CD8Beijing da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Peking University. Health sciences · 2024Article
- Characterization of purinergic signaling in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes from lower- and high-grade gliomas.Purinergic signalling · 2024Article
- Therapeutic potential of interleukin-21 in cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Development of a human glioblastoma model using humanized DRAG mice for immunotherapy.Antibody therapeutics · 2023Article
- CD4Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2023Article
8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) may represent a viable source of T cells for the biological treatment of patients with gliomas. Glioma tissue was obtained from 16 patients, tumor cell lines were established, and TILs were expanded in 16/16 cases using a combination of IL-2/IL-15/IL-21. Intracellular cytokine staining (ICS, IL-2, IL-17, TNFα and IFNγ production) as well as a cytotoxicity assay was used to detect TIL reactivity against autologous tumor cells or shared tumor-associated antigens (TAAs; i.e., NY-ESO-1, Survivin or EGFRvIII). TILs were analyzed by flow cytometry, including T-cell receptor (TCR) Vβ family composition, exhaustion/activation and T-cell differentiation markers (CD45RA/CCR7). IL-2/IL-15/IL-21 expanded TILs exhibited a mixture of CD4
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.