Trial reportBeneficial microbes2017
Effect of probiotic on innate inflammatory response and viral shedding in experimental rhinovirus infection - a randomised controlled trial.
Trial report in Beneficial microbes, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01669603 (Effect of Probiotic on the Innate and Adaptive Host Response to Rhinovirus), which is not on this map. Cited by 50 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Probiotic on the Innate and Adaptive Host Response to Rhinovirus (EPIARR)
Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 96 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effectiveness of treatment with probiotics in preventing necrotizing enterocolitis and related mortality: results from an umbrella meta-analysis on meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials.BMC gastroenterology · 2025Pooled it
- Orally Ingested Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Synbiotics as Countermeasures for Respiratory Tract Infections in Nonelderly Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2022Pooled it
- Probiotics for preventing acute upper respiratory tract infections.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Modulation of gut microbiota protects against viral respiratory tract infections: a systematic review of animal and clinical studies.European journal of nutrition · 2021Pooled it
- The effect of probiotics on respiratory tract infection with special emphasis on COVID-19: Systemic review 2010-20.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2021Pooled it
- A meta-analysis reveals the effectiveness of probiotics and prebiotics against respiratory viral infection.Bioscience reports · 2021Pooled it
- Role of Probiotics in Stimulating the Immune System in Viral Respiratory Tract Infections: A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2020Pooled it
- Live microbials to boost Anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunity clinical trial (Live BASIC trial): a triple-blind randomized controlled trial.Infection · 2026Trial
- A human milk oligosaccharide alters the microbiome, circulating hormones, and metabolites in a randomized controlled trial of older adults.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Trial
- A Three-Arm, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study to Evaluate the Safety ofNutrients · 2023Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- Nasal microbiota clusters associate with inflammatory response, viral load, and symptom severity in experimental rhinovirus challenge.Scientific reports · 2018Trial
- Single-Cell Tracking Reveals a Role for Pre-Existing CCR5+ Memory Th1 Cells in the Control of Rhinovirus-A39 After Experimental Challenge in Humans.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2018Trial
- Bifidobacterium-driven immunoglobulin A production in pediatric patients with IgA deficiency and recurrent respiratory tract infections.Microbiome · 2026Article
- Comparative effectiveness of oral nutritional supplements in preventing respiratory tract infections among adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Article
- Host tracheal and intestinal microbiomes inhibitMicrobiology spectrum · 2024Article
- The effect of probioticHeliyon · 2024Article
- Investigation on the Efficacy of Two Food Supplements Containing a Fixed Combination of Selected Probiotics and β-Glucans or Elderberry Extract for the Immune System: Modulation on Cytokines Expression in Human THP-1 and PBMC.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The Role of Probiotics in Improving Food Safety: Inactivation of Pathogens and Biological Toxins.Current pharmaceutical biotechnology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Ingestion of probiotics appears to have modest effects on the incidence of viral respiratory infection. The mechanism of these effects is not clear; however, there is evidence from animal models that the probiotic may have an effect on innate immune responses to pathogens. The purpose of this randomised, placebo-controlled study was to determine the effect of administration of Bifidobacterium animalis subspecies lactis Bl-04 on innate and adaptive host responses to experimental rhinovirus challenge. The effect on the response of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 8 (CXCL8) to rhinovirus infection was defined as the primary endpoint for the study. 152 seronegative volunteers who had been supplemented for 28 days, 73 with probiotic and 79 with placebo, were challenged with RV-A39. Supplement or placebo administration was then continued for five days during collection of specimens for assessment of host response, infection, and symptoms. 58 probiotic and 57 placebo-supplemented volunteers met protocol-defined criteria for analysis. Probiotic resulted in higher nasal lavage CXCL8 on day 0 prior to virus challenge (90 vs 58 pg/ml, respectively, P=0.04, ANCOVA). The CXCL8 response to rhinovirus infection in nasal lavage was significantly reduced in the probiotic treated group (P=0.03, ANCOVA). Probiotic was also associated with a reduction in nasal lavage virus titre and the proportion of subjects shedding virus in nasal secretions (76% in the probiotic group, 91% in the placebo group, P=0.04, Fisher Exact test). The administration of probiotic did not influence lower respiratory inflammation (assessed by exhaled nitric oxide), subjective symptom scores, or infection rate. This study demonstrates that ingestion of Bl-04 may have an effect on the baseline state of innate immunity in the nose and on the subsequent response of the human host to rhinovirus infection. Clinicaltrials.gov registry number: NCT01669603.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.