ArticleQuality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation2017
An exploration of differences between Japan and two European countries in the self-reporting and valuation of pain and discomfort on the EQ-5D.
Article in Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Psychometric properties of the EQ-5D-5L: a systematic review of the literature.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2021Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of Studies Comparing the Measurement Properties of the Three-Level and Five-Level Versions of the EQ-5D.PharmacoEconomics · 2018Pooled it
- Minimal important differences of EORTC QLQ-C30 for metastatic breast cancer patients: Results from a randomized clinical trial.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2022Trial
- Validity and reliability of the Japanese Adult Social Care Outcomes Toolkit four-level Self Completion Tool (ASCOT SCT4) in community mental health service users in Japan.Health and quality of life outcomes · 2026Article
- Measuring and Valuing Health Using EuroQol Instruments: New Developments 2025 and Beyond.Applied health economics and health policy · 2025Review
- Time perspective profile and self-reported health on the EQ-5D.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2024Article
- Validation of the Thai version of the obstetric quality of recovery score (obsqor-10-Thai) after elective cesarean delivery.BMC anesthesiology · 2023Article
- Conceptual Framework for Optimised Proxy Value Set Selection Through Supra-National Value Set Development for the EQ-5D Instruments.PharmacoEconomics · 2022Review
- Associations of Cognitive Complaints and Depressive Symptoms with Health-Related Quality of Life and Perceived Overall Health in Japanese Adult Volunteers.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- How is quality of life defined and assessed in published research?Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2021Review
- Comparing the measurement properties of the EQ-5D-5L and the EQ-5D-3L in hypertensive patients living in rural China.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2021Article
- Comparing patient-reported outcomes across countries: An assessment of methodological challenges.Journal of health services research & policy · 2021Article
- Malnutrition Is an Independent Risk Factor for Low Health-Related Quality of Life Among Centenarians.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Article
- Factors contributing to the ceiling effect of the EQ-5D-5L: an analysis of patients with prostate cancer judged "no-problems".Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2020Observational
- Article
- A comparison of self-rated health using EQ-5D VAS in the United States in 2002 and 2017.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2019Article
- A multicentre survey of pain management in cancer patients and physicians attending radiotherapy clinics in Shandong Province, China.The Journal of international medical research · 2019Article
- Health utility and health-related quality of life of Japanese prostate cancer patients according to progression status measured using EQ-5D-5L and FACT-P.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2019Article
- Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) after elective hip, knee and shoulder arthroplasty: protocol for a prospective cohort study.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2019Article
- Relative importance of the EQ-5D five dimensions among patients with chronic diseases in South Korea - a comparison with the general population preference weights.Health and quality of life outcomes · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo investigate the systematic differences in the self-reporting and valuation of overall health and, in particular, pain/discomfort between three countries (England/UK, Japan, and Spain) on the EQ-5D.
methodsExisting datasets were used to explore differences in responses on the EQ-5D descriptive system between Japan (3L and 5L), the UK (3L), England (5L), and Spain (5L), particularly on the dimension of pain/discomfort. The role of different EQ dimensions in determining self-reported overall health scores for the EuroQol visual analog scale (EQ-VAS) was investigated using ordinary least squares regression. Time trade-off (TTO) results from Japanese and UK respondents for the EQ-5D-3L as well as Japanese and English respondents for the EQ-5D-5L were compared using t tests.
resultsFor the EQ-5D-3L, a higher percentage of respondents in Japan than in the UK reported 'no pain/discomfort' (81.6 vs 67.0%, respectively); for the EQ-5D-5L, the proportions were 79.2% in Spain, 73.2% in Japan, and 63-64% in England, after adjusting for age differences in samples. The 'pain/discomfort' dimension had the largest impact on respondents' self-reported EQ-VAS only for EQ-5D-3L in Japan. Using the EQ-5D-3L, Japanese respondents were considerably less willing to trade off time to avoid pain/discomfort than the UK respondents; for example, moving from health state, 11121 (some problems with pain/discomfort) to 11131 (extreme pain/discomfort) represented a decrement of 0.65 on the observed TTO value in the UK compared with 0.15 in Japan. Using the EQ-5D-5L, Japanese respondents were also less willing to trade off time to avoid pain/discomfort than respondents in England; however, the difference in values was much smaller than that observed using EQ-5D-3L data.
conclusionsThis study provides evidence of between-country differences in the self-reporting and valuation of health, including pain/discomfort, when using EQ-5D in general population samples. The results suggest a need for caution when comparing or aggregating EQ-5D self-reported data in multi-country studies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.