Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28343003›Full record

ArticleBiomaterials2017

Essential design considerations for the resazurin reduction assay to noninvasively quantify cell expansion within perfused extracellular matrix scaffolds.

Joseph S Uzarski, Michael D DiVito, Jason A Wertheim, William M Miller

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Biomaterials, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
51citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
5.2field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

51 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 102 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  12. Guidance on biomaterials for periodontal tissue regeneration: Fabrication methods, materials and biological considerations.Dental materials : official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials · 2025
    Review
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  15. Phytochemicals fromResearch in pharmaceutical sciences · 2024
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  18. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Joseph S UzarskiComprehensive Transplant Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Michael D DiVitoComprehensive Transplant Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Jason A WertheimComprehensive Transplant Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Surgery, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. Electronic address: jason.wertheim@northwestern.edu.
William M MillerChemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. Electronic address: wmmiller@northwestern.edu.
Northwestern University · US

Funding

Tumor Environment and Metastasis (TEAM) Research ProgramP30CA060553 · NCI · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI LEONIDAS C. PLATANIAS · 1993 to 2026
$153.9M
The USC (Re)Building the Kidney Coordinating CenterU01DK107350 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI KESSELMAN, CARL, VALERIUS, MICHAEL TODD · 2015 to 2019
$9.0M
Northwestern University Clinical and Translational Science Institute (NUCATS)TL1TR001423 · NCATS · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI MCCOLLEY, SUSANNA A · 2015 to 2023
$5.0M
Optimization and control of hepatocyte activity via biofunctional modificationK08DK101757 · NIDDK · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI WERTHEIM, JASON A · 2014 to 2018
$777k
Delineating Determinants of Renal Tubulogenesis in an ECM-based Co-culture ModelF32DK103499 · NIDDK · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI UZARSKI, JOSEPH STEPHEN · 2015 to 2017
$140k
Extracellular Matrix Induction of Renal Stem and Progenitor Cell DevelopmentI01BX002660 · VA · SOUTHERN ARIZONA VA HEALTH CARE SYSTEM · PI WERTHEIM, JASON A · 2017 to 2020
–
BLRD VA I01 BX002660NCATS NIH HHS TL1 TR001423NCI NIH HHS P30 CA060553NIDDK NIH HHS F32 DK103499NIDDK NIH HHS K08 DK101757NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK107350
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Precise measurement of cellularity within bioartificial tissues and extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds is necessary to augment rigorous characterization of cellular behavior, as accurate benchmarking of tissue function to cell number allows for comparison of data across experiments and between laboratories. Resazurin, a soluble dye that is reduced to highly fluorescent resorufin in proportion to the metabolic activity of a cell population, is a valuable, noninvasive tool to measure cell number. We investigated experimental conditions in which resazurin reduction is a reliable indicator of cellularity within three-dimensional (3D) ECM scaffolds. Using three renal cell populations, we demonstrate that correlation of viable cell numbers with the rate of resorufin generation may deviate from linearity at higher cell densities, lower resazurin working volumes, or longer incubation times that all contribute to depleting the pool of resazurin. In conclusion, while the resazurin reduction assay provides a powerful, noninvasive readout of metrics enumerating cellularity and growth within ECM scaffolds, assay conditions may strongly influence its applicability for accurate quantification of cell number. The approach and methodological recommendations presented herein may be used as a guide for application-specific optimization of this assay to obtain rigorous and accurate measurement of cellular content in bioengineered tissues.

Indexed as

PerfusionAnimalsBioreactorsCell CountCell ProliferationCulture Media, ConditionedDogsExtracellular MatrixFluorescenceHumansKidneyMadin Darby Canine Kidney CellsMaleOxazinesRats, Sprague-DawleyReference StandardsCulture Media, ConditionedOxazinesresazurinresorufinXanthenesAlamarBlueBioreactorDecellularizationExtracellular matrixLiverRenal

Identifiers

PMID28343003
PMCPMC5765551
OpenAlexW2588035853

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.