Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28341582›Full record

ArticleBrain, behavior, and immunity2017

Sex differences in microglial phagocytosis in the neonatal hippocampus.

Lars H Nelson, Spencer Warden, Kathryn M Lenz

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Brain, behavior, and immunity, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 99 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
99citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
9.1field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

99 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 190 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Sex-specific differences in zebrafish brains.Biology of sex differences · 2022
    Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
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  19. Role of the gut microbiome in mediating sex-specific differences in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2024
    Review
  20. Article

39 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Lars H NelsonDepartment of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, 333 W. 10th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Group in Behavioral Neuroendocrinology, The Ohio State University, Columbus OH, USA. Electronic address: nelson.1246@osu.edu.
Spencer WardenDepartment of Psychology, The Ohio State University, 1835 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Group in Behavioral Neuroendocrinology, The Ohio State University, Columbus OH, USA.
Kathryn M LenzDepartment of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, 333 W. 10th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, 1835 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Group in Behavioral Neuroendocrinology, The Ohio State University, Columbus OH, USA. Electronic address: lenz.56@osu.edu.
The Ohio State University · US

Funding

Developmental programming of sex differences in brain innate immune cellsR21MH105826 · NIMH · OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY · PI LENZ, KATHRYN M. · 2015 to 2016
$407k
NIMH NIH HHS R21 MH105826
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Microglia regulate brain development through many processes, such as promoting neurogenesis, supporting cell survival, and phagocytizing progenitor, newly-born, and dying cells. Many of these same developmental processes show robust sex differences, yet very few studies have assessed sex differences in microglia function during development. Hormonally-induced sexual differentiation of the brain occurs during the perinatal period, thus we examined sex differences in microglial morphology, phagocytosis, and proliferation in the hippocampus during the early postnatal period. We found that the neonatal female hippocampus had significantly more microglia with phagocytic cups than the male hippocampus. We subsequently found that female microglia phagocytized more neural progenitor cells and healthy cells compared to males, but there were no sex differences in the number of newly-born or dying cells targeted by microglial phagocytosis. We found that the number of phagocytic microglia in females was reduced to male-typical levels by treatment with estradiol, the hormone responsible for masculinizing the rodent brain. Females also had higher expression of several phagocytic pathway genes in the hippocampus compared to males. In contrast to robust sex differences in phagocytic microglia, we found no sex differences in the number of microglia with amoeboid, transitioning, or ramified morphologies or differences in three-dimensional reconstructions of microglial morphology. While we did not find a baseline sex difference in microglial proliferation during or following the prenatal gonadal hormone surge in males, we found that estradiol treatment increased microglia proliferation in females. Overall, these data show that there are important sex differences in microglia function in the hippocampus during the early neonatal period.

Indexed as

PhagocytosisSex CharacteristicsAnimalsAnimals, NewbornCell ProliferationFemaleGene ExpressionHippocampusMaleMicrogliaRats, Sprague-DawleyDevelopmentMicrogliaPhagocytosisSex differences

Identifiers

PMID28341582
PMCPMC5512447
OpenAlexW2600475754

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.