ArticleThe ISME journal2017
Biofilm formation enables free-living nitrogen-fixing rhizobacteria to fix nitrogen under aerobic conditions.
Article in The ISME journal, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers.
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Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed.
- An engineered Pseudomonas stutzeri strain overexpressing the sigma factor AlgU promotes maize growth under salt stress.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2026Article
- The coupling effect ofSynthetic and systems biotechnology · 2026Article
- Biofilms: from the cradle of life to life support.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Review
- Non-nodulatingISME communications · 2026Article
- Unlocking associative nitrogen fixation in Poaceae: molecular mechanisms, regulatory constraints, and pathways to sustainable productivity.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Oxygen-tolerant nitrogen fixation in a marine alga-colonizingApplied and environmental microbiology · 2025Article
- Toward a plant biotechnological application of phyllosphere bacteria.Plant biotechnology (Tokyo, Japan) · 2025Article
- Genetic basis of biofilm formation and salt adaptation in the plant-beneficial strain Stutzerimonas stutzeri MJL19.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Non-cyanobacterial diazotrophs support the survival of marine microalgae in nitrogen-depleted environment.Genome biology · 2025Article
- Article
- Diazotrophic growth of free-living Rhizobium etli: Community-like metabolic modeling of growing and non-growing nitrogen-fixing cells.PloS one · 2025Article
- Host specificity and uniqueness of shell microbiome in freshwater mollusks.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Inoculation withPeerJ · 2025Article
- Rapid mode switching facilitates the growth ofiScience · 2024Article
- Article
- Dynamic nitrogen fixation in an aerobic endophyte of Populus.The ISME journal · 2024Article
- Glycosyl hydrolase fromBiofilm · 2023Article
- Biofilm formation and cell plasticity drive diazotrophy in an anoxygenic phototrophic bacterium.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2023Article
- Nitrogen Journey in Plants: From Uptake to Metabolism, Stress Response, and Microbe Interaction.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Trends in Biological Ammonia Production.Biotech (Basel (Switzerland)) · 2023Review
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4 authors.
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Abstract
The multicellular communities of microorganisms known as biofilms are of high significance in agricultural setting, yet it is largely unknown about the biofilm formed by nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Here we report the biofilm formation by Pseudomonas stutzeri A1501, a free-living rhizospheric bacterium, capable of fixing nitrogen under microaerobic and nitrogen-limiting conditions. P. stutzeri A1501 tended to form biofilm in minimal media, especially under nitrogen depletion condition. Under such growth condition, the biofilms formed at the air-liquid interface (termed as pellicles) and the colony biofilms on agar plates exhibited nitrogenase activity in air. The two kinds of biofilms both contained large ovoid shape 'cells' that were multiple living bacteria embedded in a sac of extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs). We proposed to name such large 'cells' as A1501 cyst. Our results suggest that the EPS, especially exopolysaccharides enabled the encased bacteria to fix nitrogen while grown under aerobic condition. The formation of A1501 cysts was reversible in response to the changes of carbon or nitrogen source status. A1501 cyst formation depended on nitrogen-limiting signaling and the presence of sufficient carbon sources, yet was independent of an active nitrogenase. The pellicles formed by Azospirillum brasilense, another free-living nitrogen-fixing rhizobacterium, which also exhibited nitrogenase activity and contained the large EPS-encapsuled A1501 cyst-like 'cells'. Our data imply that free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria could convert the easy-used carbon sources to exopolysaccharides in order to enable nitrogen fixation in a natural aerobic environment.
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