ArticleMaternal & child nutrition2018
Contribution of snacks to dietary intakes of young children in the United States.
Article in Maternal & child nutrition, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- Title: efficacy of a food parenting intervention for mothers with low income to reduce preschooler's solid fat and added sugar intakes: a randomized controlled trial.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2019Trial
- Effectiveness of a controlled trial of nutrition education in primary school, ZELIAKIDE project: knowledge and mid-morning snack consumption.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Effects of blenderized watermelon consumption on satiety and postprandial glucose in overweight and obese adolescents.Metabolism open · 2025Article
- Snack Confusion: Parents perceive baby, child and adult snacks as more similar than they actually are.Current research in food science · 2025Article
- Assessing through a longitudinal study of dietary habits among Romanian school children: effects of COVID-19 pandemic as well as of a school based educational program for promotion of healthy nutrition.European journal of nutrition · 2024Article
- Article
- Relations between the levels of moderate to vigorous physical activity, BMI, dietary habits, cognitive functions and attention problems in 8 to 9 years old pupils: network analysis (PACH Study).BMC public health · 2024Article
- Food sources of fiber and micronutrients of concern among infants and young children in Lebanon: a national cross-sectional study.BMC pediatrics · 2024Article
- Snack frequency, size, and energy density are associated with diet quality among US adolescents.Public health nutrition · 2023Article
- Age-related differences in eating location, food source location, and timing of snack intake among U.S. children 1-19 years.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2023Article
- Free sugar intake from snacks and beverages in Canadian preschool- and toddler-aged children: a cross-sectional study.BMC nutrition · 2023Article
- Article
- Association of Snacking Frequency, Size, and Energy Density with Weight Status among Preschool-Aged Children in the United States.Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics · 2023Article
- Snacks contribute considerably to total dietary intakes among adults stratified by glycemia in the United States.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- Food and beverage offerings by parents of preschoolers: A daily survey study of dinner offerings during COVID-19.Appetite · 2022Article
- The Impact of Household Chaos and Dietary Intake on Executive Function in Young Children.Nutrients · 2021Article
- Occasions, purposes, and contexts for offering snacks to preschool-aged children: Schemas of caregivers with low-income backgrounds.Appetite · 2021Article
- Article
- Snacking in Japanese nursery school children aged 3-6 years: its characteristics and contribution to overall dietary intake.Public health nutrition · 2021Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Nutritional quality of children's diets is a public health priority in the fight against childhood obesity and chronic diseases. The main purpose of this study was to determine contribution of snacks to energy and nutrient intakes and to identify leading snack food sources of energy, total fat, and added sugars amongst young children in the United States. Using the 2005-2012 NHANES data, dietary intakes of 2- to 5-year-old children were analysed from a parent-reported 24-hour dietary recall (n = 3,429). Snacking occasions were aggregated to determine the proportion of total food/beverage intake obtained from snacks, estimate energy, and nutrient intakes, and identify the leading snack food sources of energy, added sugars, and total fat. Nearly all children consumed a snack on the reported day (62% morning, 84% afternoon, and 72% evening). Snacks accounted for 28% of total energy intake, 32% of carbohydrates, 39% of added sugars, and 26% of total fat and dietary fiber intakes for the day. Snacking occasions accounted for 46.6% of all beverages consumed on the reported day. Snacks and sweets food category (i.e., cookies and pastries) were the leading sources of energy (44%), total fat (52%), and added sugars (53%) consumed during snacking occasions. Sweetened beverages (e.g., fruit and sport drinks) contributed 1-quarter of all added sugars obtained from snacks. Snacks contribute considerable amount of energy and nutrients to young children's diets, with a heavy reliance on energy-dense foods and beverages. Targeted interventions are needed to improve the nutritional quality of snacks consumed by young children.
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