ArticleNucleic acids research2017
Measurements of translation initiation from all 64 codons in E. coli.
Article in Nucleic acids research, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 118 papers.
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Who cites it
118 citing papers in PubMed, 212 citations in OpenAlex.
- Advances in Decoding Bacterial N-Terminal Proteoforms: Technologies, Challenges, and Functional Insights.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Probing the limits of genetic recoding using multi-omics-guided evolution.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Artificial initiation codons and engineered initiator tRNAs enable N-terminal noncanonical amino acid incorporation in intact cell-free translation systems.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Multiplexed CRISPR base editing enables pulse-activated irreversible biocontainment of engineered bacteria.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Frequent occurrence and predicted functions of tRNAs with 4-base-pair anticodon stems in bacteria: extended superwobble hypothesis.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Leaky recombinant expression reveals design constraints of bicistronic synthetic operons in Escherichia coli.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- High-precision cytosine base editors by evolving nucleic-acid-recognition hotspots in deaminase.Nature biotechnology · 2026Article
- A multi-kingdom genetic barcoding system for precise clone isolation.Nature biotechnology · 2026Article
- Translation control by altered start codon usage as a means of modulating the general stress response and virulence in Listeria monocytogenes.PLoS genetics · 2026Article
- Extended Shine-Dalgarno motifs govern translation initiation in Staphylococcus aureus.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Virus Propagation Linked to Exceedingly Rare Gene-Expression Errors: A Single-Molecule Microscopy Demonstration.ACS chemical biology · 2025Article
- Propensity for proto-gene emergence in bacteria.Genome biology · 2025Article
- PIRT-Seq: a high-resolution whole-genome assay to identify protein-coding genes.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Temperature-dependent regulation of bacterial cell division hydrolases by the coordinated action of a regulatory RNA and the ClpXP protease.Cell surface (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- Activation, incompatibility, and displacement of FIB replicons in E. coli.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- The hidden bacterial microproteome.Molecular cell · 2025Article
- A Short-Term View of Protein Sequence Evolution from Salmonella.Genome biology and evolution · 2025Article
- Selection of initiator tRNA and start codon by mammalian mitochondrial initiation factor 3 in leaderless mRNA translation.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Engineered initiator tRNAs can effectively start translation at non-AUG start codons and diversify N-terminal amino acids for mRNA Display.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Review
58 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Our understanding of translation underpins our capacity to engineer living systems. The canonical start codon (AUG) and a few near-cognates (GUG, UUG) are considered as the 'start codons' for translation initiation in Escherichia coli. Translation is typically not thought to initiate from the 61 remaining codons. Here, we quantified translation initiation of green fluorescent protein and nanoluciferase in E. coli from all 64 triplet codons and across a range of DNA copy number. We detected initiation of protein synthesis above measurement background for 47 codons. Translation from non-canonical start codons ranged from 0.007 to 3% relative to translation from AUG. Translation from 17 non-AUG codons exceeded the highest reported rates of non-cognate codon recognition. Translation initiation from non-canonical start codons may contribute to the synthesis of peptides in both natural and synthetic biological systems.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.