Trial reportAnesthesia and analgesia2017
The Effect of Sedation on Cortical Activation: A Randomized Study Comparing the Effects of Sedation With Midazolam, Propofol, and Dexmedetomidine on Auditory Processing.
Trial report in Anesthesia and analgesia, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Midazolam Exerts Sedative Effects by Differentially Modulating Cortical Pyramidal Neurons and PV Interneurons.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Modulation of Auditory Novelty Processing by Dexmedetomidine and Natural Sleep: A Human Intracranial Electrophysiology Study.The European journal of neuroscience · 2025Article
- Increased task-relevant fMRI responsiveness in comatose cardiac arrest patients is associated with improved neurologic outcomes.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2024Article
- How general anesthetics work: from the perspective of reorganized connections within the brain.Korean journal of anesthesiology · 2022Review
- Alterations in whole-brain dynamic functional stability during memory tasks under dexmedetomidine sedation.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- Neuropsychopharmacological effects of midazolam on the human brain.Brain informatics · 2020Review
- Dexmedetomidine is superior to midazolam for sedation and cerebral protection in postoperative hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage patients: a retrospective study.The Journal of international medical research · 2020Article
- [Perioperative music-induced analgesia : Comparison of the effect of music on pain between preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative application].Schmerz (Berlin, Germany) · 2019Review
- Application of remifentanil combined with propofol in the diagnosis of colon cancer with awakening painless digestive endoscopy.Oncology letters · 2019Article
- General Anesthesia: A Probe to Explore Consciousness.Frontiers in systems neuroscience · 2019Article
- Disrupted neural variability during propofol-induced sedation and unconsciousness.Human brain mapping · 2018Article
- A comparison of the use of propofol alone and propofol with midazolam for pediatric magnetic resonance imaging sedation - a retrospective cohort study.BMC anesthesiology · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEvery day, millions of people undergo surgical procedures facilitated by anesthesia. Yet, there is no clinically accepted measure to predict the effects of sedation or anesthesia on the central nervous system. Auditory brain activation may provide an objective and quantifiable method to measure of the effects of sedation on neuronal processing.
methodsThis is a randomized clinical trial. Forty-eight healthy volunteers were randomly assigned to receive 1 of 3 sedative drugs (midazolam [n = 11], propofol [n = 12], or dexmedetomidine [n = 12]) at a concentration adjusted to achieve mild sedation by self-rating, or to a no-drug control group (n = 13). Participants underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging while listening to music in a 5-minute block design experiment. We tested the hypothesis that mild sedation changes the magnitude or extent of cortical activation of an auditory stimulus.
resultsWe observed a significant reduction in auditory activation in both the dexmedetomidine (P = .001) and midazolam (P = .029) but not the propofol group (P = .619) when compared with saline control.
conclusionsOur findings indicate that, compared with saline control, there is a significant reduction of brain activation in the auditory cortex in response to midazolam and dexmedetomidine but not propofol when given at mildly sedative doses. This method serves as a novel approach to quantify the effects of sedative agents in an objective fashion.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.