Observational studyPloS one2017
Peripheral blood metabolic and inflammatory factors as biomarkers to ocular findings in diabetic macular edema.
Observational study in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploring leukocyte differential count ratio profiles as inflammatory biomarkers in diabetic retinopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Pooled it
- Association of systemic inflammatory indices and body mass index with diabetic macular edema in non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Identification and validation of biomarkers related to mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes in type 2 diabetes mellitus using peripheral blood transcriptomics.European journal of medical research · 2025Article
- Molecular-Genetic Biomarkers of Diabetic Macular Edema.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Healthy lifestyle behaviors, mediating biomarkers, and risk of microvascular complications among individuals with type 2 diabetes: A cohort study.PLoS medicine · 2023Article
- MicroRNA-150 (miR-150) and Diabetic Retinopathy: Is miR-150 Only a Biomarker or Does It Contribute to Disease Progression?International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Exploring the angiographic-biologic phenotype in the IMAGINE study: quantitative UWFA and cytokine expression.The British journal of ophthalmology · 2022Article
- Temporal variation of optical coherence tomography biomarkers as predictors of anti-VEGF treatment outcomes in diabetic macular edema.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2022Article
- Intraocular fluid biomarkers (liquid biopsy) in human diabetic retinopathy.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2021Review
- Inflammatory mediators in diabetic retinopathy: Deriving clinicopathological correlations for potential targeted therapy.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2021Review
- Systemic contribution of inflammatory mediators to the severity of diabetic and uveitic macular edema.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2021Observational
- Correlation between Imaging Morphological Findings and Laboratory Biomarkers in Patients with Diabetic Macular Edema.Journal of diabetes research · 2021Observational
- Distinct Serum and Vitreous Inflammation-Related Factor Profiles in Patients with Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy.Advances in therapy · 2020Article
- Role of Inflammation in Classification of Diabetic Macular Edema by Optical Coherence Tomography.Journal of diabetes research · 2019Review
- Insights into the pathogenesis of cystoid macular edema: leukostasis and related cytokines.International journal of ophthalmology · 2019Review
- Characteristics of diabetic macular edema patients refractory to anti-VEGF treatments and a dexamethasone implant.PloS one · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimsTo study the association between peripheral blood metabolic and inflammatory factors and presence of diabetic macular edema (DME) and its related anatomic features in type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) patients. MATERIAL AND
methodsObservational cross-sectional study on a proof of concept basis. Seventy-six T2DM included patients were divided based on the presence (n = 58) or absence of DME (n = 18) according to optical coherence tomography (OCT). Ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography (UWFA) was performed in DME patients. Fasting peripheral blood sample testing included glycemia, glycated hemoglobin, creatinin and lipid levels among others. Serum levels of a broad panel of cytokines and inflammatory mediators were also analysed. OCT findings included central subfoveal thickness, diffuse retinal thickness (DRT), cystoid macular edema (CME), serous retinal detachment and epirretinal membrane. UWFA items included pattern of DME, presence of peripheral retinal ischemia and enlarged foveal avascular zone (FAZ).
resultsMetabolic and inflammatory factors did not statistically differ between groups. However, several inflammatory mediators did associate to certain ocular items of DME cases: IL-6 was significantly higher in patients with DRT (p = 0.044), IL-10 was decreased in patients with CME (p = 0.012), and higher IL-8 (p = 0.031) and VEGF levels (p = 0.031) were observed in patients with enlarged FAZ.
conclusionInflammatory and metabolic peripheral blood factors in T2DM may not be differentially associated to DME when compared to non-DME cases. However, some OCT and UWFA features of DME such as DRT, CME and enlarged FAZ may be associated to certain systemic inflammatory mediators.
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