Trial reportJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2017
Injection Drug Network Characteristics Are Important Markers of HIV Risk Behavior and Lack of Viral Suppression.
Trial report in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- HIV among people who inject drugs in India: a systematic review.BMC public health · 2022Pooled it
- Social network and HIV risk behaviors in female sex workers: a systematic review.BMC public health · 2018Pooled it
- Effects of a social network intervention on HIV seroconversion among people who inject drugs in Ukraine: moderation by network gender composition.Harm reduction journal · 2023Trial
- Effectiveness of a Combined Motivational Interviewing and Cognitive Behavioral Intervention to Reduce Substance Use and Improve HIV-Related Immune Functioning.AIDS and behavior · 2022Trial
- A Comparative Study of Sociodemographic, Clinical, and Psychosocial Parameters Between Injecting and Non-injecting Opioid-dependent Males.Indian journal of psychological medicine · 2026Article
- Prevalence and correlates of multiple injections per injection episode among people who inject drugs in rural U.S. communities.The International journal on drug policy · 2025Article
- Structural conditions, social networks, and the HIV vulnerability among Indonesian male labour migrants and motorbike taxi drivers.International journal for equity in health · 2025Article
- Network centrality and HIV prevention service use among people who inject drugs: Findings from a sociometric network cohort in New Delhi, India.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2024Observational
- A descriptive study of hepatitis C in people who inject drugs.The Indian journal of medical research · 2023Article
- Social network and HIV/AIDS: A bibliometric analysis of global literature.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Network-based recruitment of people who inject drugs for hepatitis C testing and linkage to care.Journal of viral hepatitis · 2020Article
- Young people who inject drugs in India have high HIV incidence and behavioural risk: a cross-sectional study.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2019Article
- Social Networks of Substance-Using Populations: Key Issues and Promising New Approaches for HIV.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2019Review
- Regional Challenges in the Prevention of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Drug Resistance.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2017Article
- Racial Inequities in HIV Prevalence and Composition of Risk Networks Among People Who Inject Drugs in HIV Prevention Trial Network 037.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPeople who inject drugs (PWID) who are highly connected within their injection drug networks may be important HIV transmission nodes if they frequently share syringes with other PWID and are not engaged in HIV care. In India, HIV transmission fueled by injection drug use is increasing; however, little is known about the associations between injection network size and syringe sharing and viral suppression.
methodsWe recruited 14,481 PWID between October 2012 and December 2013 by respondent-driven sampling across 15 sites in India. Interviewer-administered questionnaires assessed network characteristics, substance use, HIV testing experience, and access to health services. We used multilevel logistic regression modeling to evaluate the relationship between injection drug network size and (1) syringe sharing at last injection and (2) viral suppression among HIV-positive participants (<150 copies/mL).
findingsThe median injection network size was 3 (interquartile range: 1-5), and 7% of participants injected with >10 members in the past 30 days. PWID who had >10 members in their network were 1.65 times (95% confidence interval: 1.12 to 2.42, P = 0.0111) more likely to have shared a syringe at last injection compared with those in the 0-1 members in their drug networks. In addition, individuals with the largest injection drug networks were 31% (95% confidence interval: 0.53 to 0.90, P = 0.006) less likely to be virally suppressed compared with those in the smallest injection drug networks. DISCUSSION: Individuals with larger networks may be important in HIV transmission within injection drug networks because they were the most likely to engage in recent syringe sharing and least likely to be virally suppressed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.