ArticleHeredity2017
The early-life environment of a pig shapes the phenotypes of its social partners in adulthood.
Article in Heredity, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Modeling breeding programs considering social behavior in large groups of farmed fish.Heredity · 2026Article
- Towards assessing indirect genetic effects in dairy cattle.Genetics, selection, evolution : GSE · 2025Article
- Indirect genetic effects increase the heritable variation available to selection and are largest for behaviors: a meta-analysis.Evolution letters · 2025Article
- Genetic Parameter Estimation and Genome-Wide Association Analysis of Social Genetic Effects on Average Daily Gain in Purebreds and Crossbreds.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- Article
- Prediction of genetic merit for growth rate in pigs using animal models with indirect genetic effects and genomic information.Genetics, selection, evolution : GSE · 2020Article
- Single-step genome-wide association study for social genetic effects and direct genetic effects on growth in Landrace pigs.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- The predictive ability of indirect genetic models is reduced when culled animals are omitted from the data.Genetics, selection, evolution : GSE · 2020Article
- Prospects for the Analysis and Reduction of Damaging Behaviour in Group-Housed Livestock, With Application to Pig Breeding.Frontiers in genetics · 2020Review
- Effects of the peer metagenomic environment on smoking behavior.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2019Article
- Genetic association between sow longevity and social genetic effects on growth in pigs.Asian-Australasian journal of animal sciences · 2019Article
- Whole-genome re-sequencing association study for direct genetic effects and social genetic effects of six growth traits in Large White pigs.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Longitudinal analysis of direct and indirect effects on average daily gain in rabbits using a structured antedependence model.Genetics, selection, evolution : GSE · 2018Article
- Social genetic effects for growth in pigs differ between boars and gilts.Genetics, selection, evolution : GSE · 2018Article
- The social genome of friends and schoolmates in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2018Article
- Interaction of direct and social genetic effects with feeding regime in growing rabbits.Genetics, selection, evolution : GSE · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Social interactions among individuals are abundant, both in natural and domestic populations, and may affect phenotypes of individuals. Recent research has demonstrated that the social effect of an individual on the phenotype of its social partners may have a genetic component, known as an indirect genetic effect (IGE). Little is known, however, of nongenetic factors underlying such social effects. Early-life environments often have large effects on phenotypes of the individuals themselves later in life. Offspring development in many mammalian species, for example, depends on interactions with the mother and siblings. In domestic pigs, individuals sharing the same juvenile environment develop similar body weight later in life. We, therefore, hypothesized that offspring originating from the same early-life environment also develop common social skills that generate early-life social effects (ELSEs) that affect the phenotypes of their social partners later in life. We, therefore, quantified IGEs and ELSEs on growth in domestic pigs. Results show that individuals from the same early-life environment express similar social effects on the growth of their social partners, and that such ELSEs shape the growth rate of social partners more than IGEs. Thus, the social skills that individuals develop in early life have a long-lasting impact on the phenotypes of social partners. Early-life and genetic social effects were independent of the corresponding direct effects of offspring on their own growth, indicating that individuals may enhance the growth of their social partners without a personal cost. Our findings also illustrate how research devoted to quantifying IGEs may miss nongenetic and potentially confounded social mechanisms which may bias the estimates of IGEs.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.