ArticleAmerican journal of public health2017
Social and Built Environmental Correlates of Predicted Blood Lead Levels in the Flint Water Crisis.
Article in American journal of public health, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 98 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk and Resiliency: Compounding Effects of Flint Water Crisis and COVID-19 Distress on Parenting Self-Efficacy.Academic pediatrics · 2026Article
- Integrating geospatial data with birth cohorts to explore social determinants of health and asthma.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2025Review
- Spatial Analysis of Synthetic Clusters of Risk and Resilience in the Wake of the Flint Water Crisis.Local environment · 2025Article
- Distributions and Trends of the Global Burden of DKD Attributable to Lead Exposure: A Systematic Analysis of GBD from 1990 to 2019.Biological trace element research · 2025Article
- Neighborhood garden's age shapes phyllosphere microbiota associated with respiratory diseases in cold seasons.Environmental science and ecotechnology · 2024Article
- Electrochemical and Colorimetric Nanosensors for Detection of Heavy Metal Ions: A Review.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Geospatial Assessment of Racial/Ethnic Composition, Social Vulnerability, and Lead Water Service Lines in New York City.Environmental health perspectives · 2023Article
- Article
- Estimating the burden of diseases attributable to lead exposure in the North Africa and Middle East region, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease study 2019.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2022Article
- The effect of residential proximity to brownfields, highways, and heavy traffic on serum metal levels in the Detroit Neighborhood Health Study.Environmental advances · 2022Article
- Social Capital, Black Social Mobility, and Health Disparities.Annual review of public health · 2022Review
- The Role of Physician Advocacy in Achieving Health Equity: Where Is the Allergist-Immunologist?The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2022Article
- Trajectory Modeling of Spatio-Temporal Trends in COVID-19 Incidence in Flint and Genesee County, Michigan.Annals of epidemiology · 2022Article
- Blood lead levels mediate the relationship between social adversity and child externalizing behavior.Environmental research · 2022Article
- Associations between Household Water Fluoridation Status and Plain Tap or Bottled Water Consumption.JDR clinical and translational research · 2021Article
- An Intercategorical Ecology of Lead Exposure: Complex Environmental Health Vulnerabilities in the Flint Water Crisis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Ten questions concerning occupant health in buildings during normal operations and extreme events including the COVID-19 pandemic.Building and environment · 2021Article
- Right Sizing Flint's Infrastructure in the Wake of the Flint Water Crisis Would Constitute an Additional Environmental Injustice.Journal of the American Planning Association. American Planning Association · 2021Article
- The association between residential proximity to brownfield sites and high-traffic areas and measures of immunity.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2020Article
- Racial Capitalism: A Fundamental Cause of Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic Inequities in the United States.Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo highlight contextual factors tied to increased blood lead level (BLL) risk following the lead-in-water contamination in Flint, Michigan.
methodsUsing geocoded BLL data collected in 2013 and 2015 and areal interpolation, we predicted BLLs at every residential parcel in the city. We then spatially joined social and built environmental variables to link the parcels with neighborhood-level factors that may influence BLLs.
resultsWhen we compared levels before and during the water crisis, we saw the highest estimates of predicted BLLs during the water crisis and the greatest changes in BLLs in neighborhoods with the longest water residence time in pipes (μ = 2.30 µg/dL; Δ = 0.45 µg/dL), oldest house age (μ = 2.22 µg/dL; Δ = 0.37 µg/dL), and poorest average neighborhood housing condition (μ = 2.18 µg/dL; Δ = 0.44 µg/dL).
conclusionsKey social and built environmental variables correlate with BLL; such information can continue to guide response by prioritizing older, deteriorating neighborhoods with the longest water residence time in pipes.
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