ArticleScientific reports2017
Hormone therapy at early post-menopause increases cognitive control-related prefrontal activity.
Article in Scientific reports, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Is Hormone Replacement Therapy a Risk Factor or a Therapeutic Option for Alzheimer's Disease?International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Shared Versus Unique Features of Neural Activation During Cognitive Flexibility Across Restrictive Eating Disorder Presentations.The International journal of eating disorders · 2026Trial
- Hormone therapy (HT) in women with premature ovarian insufficiency or early menopause: Time to think of a new paradigm for healthy aging. A joint FIGO and IMS position paper.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2026Article
- Hormone Therapy is Associated with Better Cognitive Performance in Postmenopausal Women: Insights from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).Annals of geriatric medicine and research · 2026Article
- Article
- Longer duration of amenorrhea is associated with lower delay discounting and less hedonic eating in girls and young women with low-weight eating disorders.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The multisystem impact of perimenopausal hormonal fluctuations on chronic disease risk.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Study protocol for a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-masked mechanistic clinical trial of transdermal estrogen replacement in hypoestrogenic eating disorders to explore the role of estrogen on cognitive flexibility and reward processing.Contemporary clinical trials · 2025Article
- The neurobiology of plant-based therapeutics in women's reproductive health: mechanisms, efficacy, and clinical translation.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Review
- Sex dimorphism controls dysbindin-related cognitive dysfunctions in mice and humans with the contribution of COMT.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Article
- Impulsivity and inhibitory control in deficit and non-deficit schizophrenia.BMC psychiatry · 2024Article
- Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, sex hormones and cognitive decline in male patients with schizophrenia receiving continuous antipsychotic therapy.World journal of psychiatry · 2023Article
- Saturated Fatty Acids and Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Improve Metabolic Parameters in Ovariectomized Female Mice.Endocrinology · 2023Article
- Cognitive Decline in Early and Premature Menopause.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Cognitive Dysfunctions Measured with the MCCB in Deficit and Non-Deficit Schizophrenia.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Executive Functions and Psychopathology Dimensions in Deficit and Non-Deficit Schizophrenia.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Regulation of sex differences in risk-based decision making by gonadal hormones: Insights from rodent models.Behavioural processes · 2022Review
- The Cycling Brain in the Workplace: Does Workload Modulate the Menstrual Cycle Effect on Cognition?Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2022Article
- Ovarian steroid hormones: A long overlooked but critical contributor to brain aging and Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2022Review
- Estradiol selectively regulates metabolic substrates across memory systems in models of menopause.Climacteric : the journal of the International Menopause Society · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Clinical data have been equivocal and controversial as to the benefits to the brain and cognition of hormone therapy (HT) in postmenopausal women. Recent reevaluation of the role of estrogens proposed that HT may effectively prevent the deleterious effects of aging on cognition, and reduces the risks of dementia, including Alzheimer's disease, if initiated early at the beginning of menopause. Yet, little is known about the effects of HT on brain activation related to cognitive control, the ability to make flexible decisions in relation to internal goals. Here, we used fMRI to directly test for a modulation of sequential 17β estradiol (2 mg/day) plus oral progesterone (100 mg/day) on task switching-related brain activity in women at early postmenopause. The results showed that HT enhanced dorsolateral prefrontal cortex recruitment during task switching. Between-subjects correlation analyses revealed that women who engaged more the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex showed higher task switching performance after HT administration. These results suggest that HT, when taken early at the beginning of postmenopause, may have beneficial effect on cognitive control prefrontal mechanisms. Together, these findings demonstrate that HT can prevent the appearance of reduced prefrontal cortex activity, a neurophysiological measure observed both in healthy aging and early dementia.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.