ArticleFrontiers in neuroanatomy2017
Early Events in Retinal Degeneration Caused by Rhodopsin Mutation or Pigment Epithelium Malfunction: Differences and Similarities.
Article in Frontiers in neuroanatomy, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Minocycline and bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells as potential therapeutics for hereditary retinal degenerations.Acta ophthalmologica · 2026Article
- Dysregulation of Retinal Melatonin Biosynthetic Pathway and Differential Expression of Retina-Specific Genes Following Blast-Induced Ocular Injury in Ferrets.Neurology international · 2025Article
- Housing RCS rats under specific pathogen-free conditions mildly ameliorates retinal degeneration and alters intestine microbiota.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Dose-Related Side Effects of Intravitreal Injections of Humanized Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Rats: Glial Cell Reactivity and Retinal Ganglion Cell Loss.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- Taurine: a promising nutraceutic in the prevention of retinal degeneration.Neural regeneration research · 2024Review
- CX3CL1/CX3CR1 Signaling Mediated Neuroglia Activation Is Implicated in the Retinal Degeneration: A Potential Therapeutic Target to Prevent Photoreceptor Death.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- A novel GCaMP6f-RCS rat model for studying electrical stimulation in the degenerated retina.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2024Article
- Bridging Retinal and Cerebral Neurodegeneration: A Focus on Crosslinks between Alzheimer-Perusini's Disease and Retinal Dystrophies.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Clearance phagocytosis by the retinal pigment epithelial during photoreceptor outer segment renewal: Molecular mechanisms and relation to retinal inflammation.Immunological reviews · 2023Review
- Article
- Time-Course Changes in Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in the Retinas of rds Mice: A Retinitis Pigmentosa Model.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Bone marrow-derived mononuclear stem cells in the treatment of retinal degenerations.Neural regeneration research · 2022Review
- Immune recognition of syngeneic, allogeneic and xenogeneic stromal cell transplants in healthy retinas.Stem cell research & therapy · 2022Article
- A New Optokinetic Testing Method to Measure Rat Vision.Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE · 2022Article
- Current perspective on retinal remodeling: Implications for therapeutics.Frontiers in neuroanatomy · 2022Article
- Transcriptional mapping of the macaque retina and RPE-choroid reveals conserved inter-tissue transcription drivers and signaling pathways.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Article
- Disease-associated microglial activation prevents photoreceptor degeneration by suppressing the accumulation of cell debris and neutrophils in degenerating rat retinas.Theranostics · 2022Article
- Glial Cell Activation and Oxidative Stress in Retinal Degeneration Induced by β-Alanine Caused Taurine Depletion and Light Exposure.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Ly6c as a New Marker of Mouse Blood Vessels: Qualitative and Quantitative Analyses on Intact and Ischemic Retinas.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
To study the course of photoreceptor cell death and macro and microglial reactivity in two rat models of retinal degeneration with different etiologies. Retinas from P23H-1 (rhodopsin mutation) and Royal College of Surgeon (RCS, pigment epithelium malfunction) rats and age-matched control animals (Sprague-Dawley and Pievald Viro Glaxo, respectively) were cross-sectioned at different postnatal ages (from P10 to P60) and rhodopsin, L/M- and S-opsin, ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1), glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP), and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) proteins were immunodetected. Photoreceptor nuclei rows and microglial cells in the different retinal layers were quantified. Photoreceptor degeneration starts earlier and progresses quicker in P23H-1 than in RCS rats. In both models, microglial cell activation occurs simultaneously with the initiation of photoreceptor death while GFAP over-expression starts later. As degeneration progresses, the numbers of microglial cells increase in the retina, but decreasing in the inner retina and increasing in the outer retina, more markedly in RCS rats. Interestingly, and in contrast with healthy animals, microglial cells reach the outer nuclei and outer segment layers. The higher number of microglial cells in dystrophic retinas cannot be fully accounted by intraretinal migration and PCNA immunodetection revealed microglial proliferation in both models but more importantly in RCS rats. The etiology of retinal degeneration determines the initiation and pattern of photoreceptor cell death and simultaneously there is microglial activation and migration, while the macroglial response is delayed. The actions of microglial cells in the degeneration cannot be explained only in the basis of photoreceptor death because they participate more actively in the RCS model. Thus, the retinal degeneration caused by pigment epithelium malfunction is more inflammatory and would probably respond better to interventions by inhibiting microglial cells.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.