ArticleSchizophrenia research2017
Ethnic density, urbanicity and psychosis risk for migrant groups - A population cohort study.
Article in Schizophrenia research, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Defining Urbanicity in the Context of Psychosis Research: A Qualitative Systematic Literature Review.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2025Pooled it
- The ethnic density effect in psychosis: a systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis.The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science · 2021Pooled it
- Migration and schizophrenia: meta-analysis and explanatory framework.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2020Pooled it
- Migration and psychosis: a meta-analysis of incidence studies.Psychological medicine · 2020Pooled it
- Mental health and legal statuses along the path to citizenship: A qualitative study of minority ethnic urban dwellers in Chiang Mai, Thailand.Global health research and policy · 2026Article
- Trends in neighbourhood socioeconomic disadvantage and mortality disparities over three decades in Denmark.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2025Article
- A matter of measurement? A Swedish register-based study of migrant residential segregation and all-cause mortality.SSM - population health · 2025Article
- Somali refugees in urban neighborhoods: an eco-social study of mental health and wellbeing.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Age-at-migration, ethnicity and psychosis risk: Findings from the EU-GEI case-control study.PLOS mental health · 2024Article
- The impact of the development level of rural e-commerce on the depressive symptoms among rural older adult individuals.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Urbanicity and psychotic disorders: Facts and hypotheses.Dialogues in clinical neuroscience · 2023Review
- The link between cognitive health and neighbourhood: perceptions of the public, and of policy-makers, about problems and solutions.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Review of Major Social Determinants of Health in Schizophrenia-Spectrum Psychotic Disorders: I. Clinical Outcomes.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2023Review
- A comparison of neighbourhood level variation and risk factors for affective versus non-affective psychosis.Schizophrenia research · 2023Article
- Neighbourhood socioeconomic disadvantage and psychiatric disorders among refugees: a population-based, quasi-experimental study in Denmark.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2023Article
- Migrant status, clinical symptoms and functional outcome in youth at clinical high risk for psychosis: findings from the NAPLS-3 study.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2023Article
- Risk of Diagnosed Adolescent-Onset Non-Affective Psychotic Disorder by Migration Background in British Columbia: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie · 2023Article
- Refugee mental health and the role of place in the Global North countries: A scoping review.Health & place · 2023Article
- Differentiating kinds of systemic stressors with relation to psychotic-like experiences in late childhood and early adolescence: the stimulation, discrepancy, and deprivation model of psychosis.Clinical psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science · 2022Article
- Ethnic density effect on alcohol-related hospitalizations among Chinese enclaves and ethnoburbs in California, 2007-2011.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRates of psychotic disorder are raised for many migrant groups. Understanding the role played by the social context in which they live may help explain why. This study investigates the effect of both neighbourhood ethnic density and urbanicity on the incidence of non-affective psychosis for migrant groups.
methodPopulation based cohort of all those born 1965 or later followed from their 15th birthday (2,224,464 people) to 1st July 2013 (37,335,812 person years). Neighbourhood exposures were measured at age 15.
resultsFor all groups incidence of non-affective psychosis was greater in lower ethnic density neighbourhoods. For migrants of African origin there was a 1.94-fold increase (95% CI, 1.17-3.23) comparing lowest and highest density quintiles; with similar effects for migrants from Europe (excluding Scandinavia): incidence rate ratio (IRR) 1.99 (95% CI, 1.56-2.54); Asia: IRR 1.63 (95% CI, 1.02-2.59); and the Middle East: IRR 1.68 (95% CI, 1.19-2.38). This initial analysis found no evidence for an urbanicity effect for migrant groups. Adjusting for ethnic density revealed a positive association between level of urbanicity and psychosis for two groups, with a statistically significant linear trend (average effect of a one quintile increase) for migrants from Europe: IRR 1.09 (95% CI, 1.02-1.16) and the Middle East: IRR 1.12 (95% CI, 1.01-1.23).
conclusionsIn this first nationwide population-based study of ethnic density, urbanicity and psychosis we show that lower ethnic density is associated with increased incidence of non-affective psychosis for different migrant groups; masking urban/rural differences in psychosis for some groups.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.