Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28314692›Full record

ArticleEBioMedicine2017

Identification of an atypical etiological head and neck squamous carcinoma subtype featuring the CpG island methylator phenotype.

K Brennan, J L Koenig, A J Gentles, J B Sunwoo, O Gevaert

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in EBioMedicine, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
48citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.1field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

48 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 68 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
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  7. Review
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  9. Article
  10. The role of NSD1, NSD2, and NSD3 histone methyltransferases in solid tumors.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2022
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. CpG Island Methylator Phenotype-A Hope for the Future or a Road to Nowhere?International journal of molecular sciences · 2022
    Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

K BrennanDepartment of Medicine, Stanford University, United States.
J L KoenigDepartment of Medicine, Stanford University, United States.
A J GentlesDepartment of Medicine, Stanford University, United States.
J B SunwooDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University, United States.
O GevaertDepartment of Medicine, Stanford University, United States. Electronic address: ogevaert@stanford.edu.
Stanford University · US

Funding

Identification of Cooperative Genetic Alterations in the Pathogenesis of Oral CancerU01DE025188 · NIDCR · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI GEVAERT, OLIVIER, KUO, CALVIN J · 2015 to 2018
$3.8M
Radiogenomics Framework for Non-Invasive Personalized MedicineR01EB020527 · NIBIB · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI GEVAERT, OLIVIER · 2015 to 2018
$2.3M
NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB020527NIDCR NIH HHS U01 DE025188
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is broadly classified into HNSCC associated with human papilloma virus (HPV) infection, and HPV negative HNSCC, which is typically smoking-related. A subset of HPV negative HNSCCs occur in patients without smoking history, however, and these etiologically 'atypical' HNSCCs disproportionately occur in the oral cavity, and in female patients, suggesting a distinct etiology. To investigate the determinants of clinical and molecular heterogeneity, we performed unsupervised clustering to classify 528 HNSCC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) into putative intrinsic subtypes based on their profiles of epigenetically (DNA methylation) deregulated genes. HNSCCs clustered into five subtypes, including one HPV positive subtype, two smoking-related subtypes, and two atypical subtypes. One atypical subtype was particularly genomically stable, but featured widespread gene silencing associated with the 'CpG island methylator phenotype' (CIMP). Further distinguishing features of this 'CIMP-Atypical' subtype include an antiviral gene expression profile associated with pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages and CD8+ T cell infiltration, CASP8 mutations, and a well-differentiated state corresponding to normal SOX2 copy number and SOX2OT hypermethylation. We developed a gene expression classifier for the CIMP-Atypical subtype that could classify atypical disease features in two independent patient cohorts, demonstrating the reproducibility of this subtype. Taken together, these findings provide unprecedented evidence that atypical HNSCC is molecularly distinct, and postulates the CIMP-Atypical subtype as a distinct clinical entity that may be caused by chronic inflammation.

Indexed as

CpG IslandsDNA MethylationPhenotypeCarcinoma, Squamous CellCase-Control StudiesGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHead and Neck NeoplasmsHumansSmokingSurvival Analysisantiviral gene signatureCpG island methylator phenotypeetiological subtypesHead and neck squamous cell carcinomaMulti-omics data analysis

Identifiers

PMID28314692
PMCPMC5360591
OpenAlexW2593089984

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.