ArticleMedical physics2017
Generation and analysis of clinically relevant breast imaging x-ray spectra.
Article in Medical physics, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- A virtual imaging study of microcalcification detection performance in digital breast tomosynthesis: Patients versus 3D textured phantoms.Medical physics · 2025Article
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- Development of an algorithm to convert mammographic images to appear as if acquired with different technique factors.Journal of medical imaging (Bellingham, Wash.) · 2022Article
- Article
- Effects of kV, filtration, dose, and object size on soft tissue and iodine contrast in dedicated breast CT.Medical physics · 2020Article
- Towards 4D dedicated breast CT perfusion imaging of cancer: development and validation of computer simulated images.Physics in medicine and biology · 2019Article
- Image quality comparison between a phase-contrast synchrotron radiation breast CT and a clinical breast CT: a phantom based study.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Average glandular dose coefficients for pendant-geometry breast CT using realistic breast phantoms.Medical physics · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeThe purpose of this work was to develop and make available x-ray spectra for some of the most widely used digital mammography (DM), breast tomosynthesis (BT), and breast CT (bCT) systems in North America.
methodsThe Monte Carlo code MCNP6 was used to simulate minimally filtered (only beryllium) x-ray spectra at 8 tube potentials from 20 to 49 kV for DM/BT, and 9 tube potentials from 35 to 70 kV for bCT. Vendor-specific anode compositions, effective anode angles, focal spot sizes, source-to-detector distances, and beryllium filtration were simulated. For each 0.5 keV energy bin in all simulated spectra, the fluence was interpolated using cubic splines across the range of simulated tube potentials to produce spectra in 1 kV increments from 20 to 49 kV for DM/BT and from 35 to 70 kV for bCT. The HVL of simulated spectra with conventional filtration (at 35 kV for DM/BT and 49 kV for bCT) was used to assess spectral differences resulting from variations in: (a) focal spot size (0.1 and 0.3 mm IEC), (b) solid angle at the detector (i.e., small and large FOV size), and (c) geometrical specifications for vendors that employ the same anode composition.
resultsAveraged across all DM/BT vendors, variations in focal spot and FOV size resulted in HVL differences of 2.2% and 0.9%, respectively. Comparing anode compositions separately, the HVL differences for Mo (GE, Siemens) and W (Hologic, Philips, and Siemens) spectra were 0.3% and 0.6%, respectively. Both the commercial Koning and prototype "Doheny" (UC Davis) bCT systems utilize W anodes with a 0.3 mm focal spot. Averaged across both bCT systems, variations in FOV size resulted in a 2.2% difference in HVL. In addition, the Koning spectrum was slightly harder than Doheny with a 4.2% difference in HVL. Therefore to reduce redundancy, a generic DM/BT system and a generic bCT system were used to generate the new spectra reported herein. The spectral models for application to DM/BT were dubbed the Molybdenum, Rhodium, and Tungsten Anode Spectral Models using Interpolating Cubic Splines (MASMICS
conclusionsThe Mo, Rh, and W anode spectra for application in DM and BT (MASMICS
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