ArticleNeurochemical research2017
Three Types of A11 Neurons Project to the Rat Spinal Cord.
Article in Neurochemical research, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Activation of mu-opioid receptors slows pacemaking in hypothalamic A11 dopamine neurons.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Dopaminergic Dysregulation in Migraine: From Hypothalamic A11 Dysfunction to a Systemic Biobehavioral Phenotype.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Targeting the hypothalamic a11 nucleus to treat parkinsonian-like nociceptive impairments.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2025Article
- Restless Legs Syndrome: An Unusual Initial Non-motor Manifestation of Huntington's Disease.Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology · 2025Article
- Molecular Anatomy of Synaptic and Extrasynaptic Neurotransmission Between Nociceptive Primary Afferents and Spinal Dorsal Horn Neurons.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Mouse spinal cord cellular mapping of dopamine D2 receptors-containing cells.Frontiers in neuroanatomy · 2025Article
- Descending dopaminergic pathway facilitates itch signal processing via activating spinal GRPREMBO reports · 2023Article
- Hypothalamic A11 Nuclei Regulate the Circadian Rhythm of Spinal Mechanonociception through Dopamine Receptors and Clock Gene Expression.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Prosomeric Hypothalamic Distribution of Tyrosine Hydroxylase Positive Cells in Adolescent Rats.Frontiers in neuroanatomy · 2022Article
- Calbindin-Positive Neurons Co-express Functional Markers in a Location-Dependent Manner Within the A11 Region of the Rat Brain.Neurochemical research · 2021Article
- Cellular Mechanisms for Antinociception Produced by Oxytocin and Orexins in the Rat Spinal Lamina II-Comparison with Those of Other Endogenous Pain Modulators.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
- The hypothalamic-spinal dopaminergic system: a target for pain modulation.Neural regeneration research · 2019Review
- A Critical Role for Dopamine D5 Receptors in Pain Chronicity in Male Mice.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The A11 dopaminergic cell group is the only group among the A8-A16 dopaminergic cell groups that includes neurons innervating the spinal cord, and a decrease in dopaminergic transmission at the spinal cord is thought to contribute to the pathogenesis of restless legs syndrome. However, the mechanisms regulating the neuronal activity of A11 dopaminergic neurons remain to be elucidated. Unraveling the neuronal composition, distribution and connectivity of A11 neurons would provide insights into the mechanisms regulating the spinal dopaminergic system. To address this, we performed immunohistochemistry for calcium-binding proteins such as calbindin (Calb) and parvalbumin (PV), in combination with the retrograde tracer Fluorogold (FG) injected into the spinal cord. Immunohistochemistry for Calb, PV, or tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), a marker for dopaminergic neurons, revealed that there were at least three types of neurons in the A11 region: neurons expressing Calb, TH, or both TH and Calb, whereas there were no PV-immunoreactive (IR) cell bodies. Both Calb- and PV-IR processes were found throughout the entire A11 region, extending in varied directions depending on the level relative to bregma. We found retrogradely labeled FG-positive neurons expressing TH, Calb, or both TH and Calb, as well as FG-positive neurons lacking both TH and Calb. These findings indicate that the A11 region is composed of a variety of neurons that are distinct in their neurochemical properties, and suggest that the diencephalospinal dopamine system may be regulated at the A11region by both Calb-IR and PV-IR processes, and at the terminal region of the spinal cord by Calb-IR processes derived from the A11 region.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.