Trial reportAmerican journal of ophthalmology2017
Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial Comparing the Impact of Sham or Intranasal Tear Neurostimulation on Conjunctival Goblet Cell Degranulation.
Trial report in American journal of ophthalmology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06525961 (A Single-center, Open-label, Single-arm Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness and Safety of Extra Nasal Neurostimulator in Patients With Dry Eye Disease Dissatisfied With Artificial Tears), which is not on this map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Single-center, Open-label, Single-arm Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness and Safety of Extra Nasal Neurostimulator in Patients With Dry Eye Disease Dissatisfied With Artificial Tears
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of an Intranasal Tear Neurostimulator in Sjögren Syndrome Patients.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2021Trial
- Novel Extranasal Tear Stimulation: Pivotal Study Results.Translational vision science & technology · 2020Trial
- Electrotherapy in the management of neuropathic corneal pain: narrative review.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2026Review
- Cyclic extranasal neurostimulation for dry eye disease: a 4-week stimulation and 6-week intermission regimen based on neural adaptation dynamics.Eye and vision (London, England) · 2025Article
- Overview of Dry Eye Disease for Primary Care Physicians.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- On the nose: nasal neurostimulation as a technology countermeasure for sinonasal congestion in astronauts.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Article
- Ocular surface involvement and histopathologic changes in the acute stage of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: a cross-sectional study.BMC ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Effectiveness of Intranasal Tear Neurostimulation for Treatment of Dry Eye Disease: A Meta-Analysis.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2023Article
- A Single Administration of OC-01 (Varenicline Solution) Nasal Spray Induces Short-Term Alterations in Conjunctival Goblet Cells in Patients with Dry Eye Disease.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2022Article
- OC-01 (Varenicline Solution) Nasal Spray Demonstrates Consistency of Effect Regardless of Age, Race, Ethnicity, and Artificial Tear Use.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2022Article
- Intense pulsed light for the treatment of Meibomian gland dysfunction: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2020Article
- Chronic Electrical Stimulation for Tear Secretion: Lacrimal vs. anterior ethmoid nerve.The ocular surface · 2019Article
- Advances in dry eye disease treatment.Current opinion in ophthalmology · 2019Review
- Review of Biomarkers in Ocular Matrices: Challenges and Opportunities.Pharmaceutical research · 2019Review
- [Novel current and future therapy options for treatment of dry eye disease].Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft · 2018Review
- TFOS DEWS II Clinical Trial Design Report.The ocular surface · 2017Review
- Update on the role of impression cytology in ocular surface disease.Taiwan journal of ophthalmologyReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeThe aim of the study was to investigate the effects of the Allergan Intranasal Tear Neurostimulator (ITN) on conjunctival goblet cell (GC) degranulation.
designA randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled crossover trial.
methodsA total of 15 subjects (5 normal and 10 dry eye) were enrolled in a 3-visit study consisting of 1 screening and 2 separate randomized-masked ITN treatments (sham extranasal or intranasal). Tear meniscus height (TMH) was measured by anterior segment optical coherence tomography before and after applications. Impression cytology (IC) was taken from the bulbar conjunctiva of the right eye for periodic acid-Schiff staining and from the left eye for MUC5AC mucin immunostaining at baseline and after each treatment. The ratio of degranulated to nondegranulated GCs was measured as a marker of secretion.
resultsIn all participants, both inferior bulbar (IB) and temporal bulbar (TB) cytology specimens stained for MUC5AC revealed a significantly higher ratio of degranulated to nondegranulated GCs after the ITN (IB: 2.28 ± 1.27 and TB: 1.81 ± 1.01) compared to baseline (IB: 0.56 ± 0.55, P = .015) (TB: 0.56 ± 0.32, P = .003) and extranasal sham application (IB: 0.37 ± 0.29, P = .001) (TB: 0.39 ± 0.33, P = .001). When the same analysis was repeated in the dry eye or control groups, the ratio was significantly higher after ITN than the baseline ratio and ratio after extranasal application in both groups (P < .05). Moreover, although control subjects had a higher ratio of degranulated to nondegranulated GCs at baseline (0.75 ± 0.52) compared with the dry eye group (0.41 ± 0.27), the ratio became slightly higher in dry eye (2.04 ± 1.12 vs 1.99 ± 1.21 in control) after the ITN application. There was no significant difference between the IB or TB conjunctiva locations in terms of the effectiveness of the ITN application on conjunctival goblet cell secretory response.
conclusionsThese preliminary results document that the Allergan ITN can stimulate degranulation of goblet cells in the conjunctiva, which is a promising new approach for the management of dry eye.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.