Trial reportPediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)2017
Efficacy of higher-dose levamisole in maintaining remission in steroid-dependant nephrotic syndrome.
Trial report in Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany), 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Non-corticosteroid immunosuppressive medications for steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome in children.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Pediatric idiopathic steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome: diagnosis and therapy -short version of the updated German best practice guideline (S2e) - AWMF register no. 166-001, 6/2020.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2021Guideline
- Non-corticosteroid immunosuppressive medications for steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome in children.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of levamisole in childhood nephrotic syndrome: A meta-analysis.Indian journal of pharmacologyPooled it
- Daily compared with alternate-day levamisole in pediatric nephrotic syndrome: an open-label randomized controlled study.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2024Trial
- Short-term outcome of levamisole in frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome: a single-center prospective cohort study.Frontiers in nephrology · 2025Article
- Short and long-term outcome of levamisole in early versus late steroid responsive nephrotic syndrome: A single centre experience.Pakistan journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Levamisole causes a transient increase in plasma creatinine levels but does not affect kidney function based on cystatin C.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2022Article
- The effect of levamisole on kidney function in children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2021Article
- Levamisole and ANCA positivity in childhood nephrotic syndrome.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2021Article
- Article
- Immunosuppressive therapy in children with primary nephrotic syndrome: single center experience, Karachi, Pakistan.BMC nephrology · 2019Article
- Levamisole in Children with Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome: Clinical Efficacy and Pathophysiological Aspects.Journal of clinical medicine · 2019Review
- Article
- Difficult-to-treat idiopathic nephrotic syndrome: established drugs, open questions and future options.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2018Review
- Distinctive vasculopathy with systemic involvement due to levamisole long-term therapy: a case report.Journal of medical case reports · 2018Article
- Efficacy of Levamisole in children with Frequent Relapsing and Steroid Dependent Nephrotic Syndrome at Tertiary Care Center-Karachi.Pakistan journal of medical sciencesArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveLevamisole (LEV) has been used successfully on an alternate-day regime of 2.5 mg/kg in steroid-dependant nephrotic syndrome (SDNS) to maintain remission. This pilot study was carried out between 2010 and 2015 at a single center in Sri Lanka to evaluate the efficacy of LEV prescribed at 2.5 mg/kg daily, which is double the alternate-day dose.
methodsSequential children with SDNS, relapsing more than twice in the preceding 12 months and previously treated with LEV and low-dose alternate-day prednisolone (0.1-0.6 mg/kg) were recruited to the study. This group received LEV (2.5 mg/kg) daily with the same dose of alternate-day prednisolone for 1 year. Urine protein excretion was recorded by parents on a daily basis, and the presence of 3+ proteinuria on 3 consecutive days was considered a relapse. Full blood counts and liver function tests were performed every 3 months to monitor for adverse effects.
resultsSixty-four children were enrolled into the study; six were excluded due to prescription of other immunosuppressive drugs. Median age was 7.9 years; 33 were boys. The number of relapse episodes was 163 [mean per patient 2.8 ± standard deviation (SD) 0.8] in patients on alternate-day LEV and 77 (mean 1.3 ± SD 0.9) for those on daily LEV during the 12-month period of observation. The P value 0.000 (according to the Wilcoxon signed-rank test) was <0.001. No major adverse events were noted.
conclusionsThe prescription of daily LEV is effective and safe for maintaining SDNS remission.
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