ArticleBioMed research international2017
Evidence for Startle Effects due to Externally Induced Lower Limb Movements: Implications in Neurorehabilitation.
Article in BioMed research international, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Reticulospinal modulation of muscle activation and electromechanical coupling: evidence from the StartReact paradigm.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2025Article
- The blink reflex and its modulation - Part 1: Physiological mechanisms.Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024Review
- The benefit of knowledge: postural response modulation by foreknowledge of equilibrium perturbation in an upper limb task.European journal of applied physiology · 2024Article
- Focus on the pedunculopontine nucleus. Consensus review from the May 2018 brainstem society meeting in Washington, DC, USA.Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2019Review
- Temporal relationship between perceptual and physiological events triggered by nociceptive heat stimuli.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Mechanical perturbations can elicit triggered reactions in the absence of a startle response.Experimental brain research · 2018Article
- StartReact effects in first dorsal interosseous muscle are absent in a pinch task, but present when combined with elbow flexion.PloS one · 2018Article
- Leg Length Discrepancy: Dynamic Balance Response during Gait.Journal of healthcare engineering · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Passive limb displacement is routinely used to assess muscle tone. If we attempt to quantify muscle stiffness using mechanical devices, it is important to know whether kinematic stimuli are able to trigger startle reactions. Whether kinematic stimuli are able to elicit a startle reflex and to accelerate prepared voluntary movements (StartReact effect) has not been studied extensively to date. Eleven healthy subjects were suspended in an exoskeleton and were exposed to passive left knee flexion (KF) at three intensities, occasionally replaced by fast right KF. Upon perceiving the movement subjects were asked to perform right wrist extension (WE), assessed by extensor carpi radialis (ECR) electromyographic activity. ECR latencies were shortest in fast trials. Startle responses were present in most fast trials, yet being significantly accelerated and larger with right versus left KF, since the former occurred less frequently and thus less expectedly. Startle responses were associated with earlier and larger ECR responses (StartReact effect), with the largest effect again upon right KF. The results provide evidence that kinematic stimuli are able to elicit both startle reflexes and a StartReact effect, which depend on stimulus intensity and anticipation, as well as on the subjects' preparedness to respond.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.