ReviewPhysiological reviews2017
Autoantibodies to Synaptic Receptors and Neuronal Cell Surface Proteins in Autoimmune Diseases of the Central Nervous System.
Review in Physiological reviews, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06515106 (Antibody-mediated LGI1 Encephalitis), which is not on this map. Cited by 301 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Antibody-mediated LGI1 Encephalitis: Symptoms, Biomarkers, and Mechanisms of the Chronic Phase of the Disease
Who cites it
301 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 617 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical features of anti-mGluR5 encephalitis and comparison according to MRI positivity: a systematic review and analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- The spectrum of overlapping anti-NMDAR encephalitis and demyelinating syndromes: a systematic review of presentation, diagnosis, management, and outcomes.Annals of medicine · 2025Pooled it
- BrainEuropean journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2021Pooled it
- Long-term maintenance of mycophenolate mofetil in anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis (LEARN): a multicentre, open-label, blinded-endpoint, randomised controlled trial.Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry · 2025Trial
- Diagnosing autoimmune encephalitis in psychiatry: clinical recommendations and unresolved challenges from the GENERATE network.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Review
- The electroclinical phenotype of epilepsy following autoimmune encephalitis.Epilepsy & behavior reports · 2026Article
- Anti-NMDAR encephalitis impairs intrinsic hippocampal dynamics through neuronal hypercoupling, hub dominance, and aberrant ensembles.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Clinical approach to neurological paraneoplastic syndromes.Internal medicine journal · 2026Review
- Autoantibodies in small fiber neuropathy: frequency and clinical features associated with antibodies to the novel targets MX1 and DBNL.Journal of neurology · 2026Observational
- Dynamic single-cell transcriptomic analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells identifies novel biomarkers for autoimmune encephalitis.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Antibody-Mediated Mechanisms in Autoimmune Neurological Disorders.The European journal of neuroscience · 2026Review
- CSF-Compartmentalized Antibody Glycoprofiles in NMDAR Encephalitis Associate with Etiology and Functional Recovery.Annals of neurology · 2026Article
- IgLON5 autoimmune antibodies activate Tau via neuronal hyperactivity.Science advances · 2026Article
- Detection of Diagnostic Antibodies in Immune-Mediated Diseases: A Focus on Antigens and Technologies.Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology · 2026Review
- AEGIS reveals epitope- and clone-resolved convergence of CNS B and T cell autoreactivity in ROHHAD.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The Treatment of Antibody-Mediated Encephalitis: Current, Future Therapies, Unmet Need and Patient Management.Advances in therapy · 2026Review
- Limbic encephalitis associated with anti-Hu antibody induced by atezolizumab treatment for small cell lung cancer: A case report.Oncology letters · 2026Article
- Purpose-Adaptable Reinforced 3D Hyaluronic-Acid Based Platform to Study Pathomechanisms of the Central Nervous System.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Hospital resource use and costs in autoimmune encephalitis: a single-center retrospective cohort study.Neurological research and practice · 2026Article
- CASPR2 antibody-related neurological syndromes in children: three cases report and literature review.BMC pediatrics · 2026Review
241 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Investigations in the last 10 years have revealed a new category of neurological diseases mediated by antibodies against cell surface and synaptic proteins. There are currently 16 such diseases all characterized by autoantibodies against neuronal proteins involved in synaptic signaling and plasticity. In clinical practice these findings have changed the diagnostic and treatment approach to potentially lethal, but now treatable, neurological and psychiatric syndromes previously considered idiopathic or not even suspected to be immune-mediated. Studies show that patients' antibodies can impair the surface dynamics of the target receptors eliminating them from synapses (e.g., NMDA receptor), block the function of the antigens without changing their synaptic density (e.g., GABAb receptor), interfere with synaptic protein-protein interactions (LGI1, Caspr2), alter synapse formation (e.g., neurexin-3α), or by unclear mechanisms associate to a new form of tauopathy (IgLON5). Here we first trace the process of discovery of these diseases, describing the triggers and symptoms related to each autoantigen, and then review in detail the structural and functional alterations caused by the autoantibodies with special emphasis in those (NMDA receptor, amphiphysin) that have been modeled in animals.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.