Trial reportClinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society2017
Comparative risk of major bleeding with new oral anticoagulants (NOACs) and phenprocoumon in patients with atrial fibrillation: a post-marketing surveillance study.
Trial report in Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Direct Oral Anticoagulants Versus Phenprocoumon: Mortality, Thromboembolism and Major Hemorrhage. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Routine Data Studies.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2026Pooled it
- Real-world evidence comparing oral anticoagulants for NVAF in Europe: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Future cardiology · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Guideline
- Pyrazinyl-Substituted Aminoazoles as Covalent Inhibitors of Thrombin: Synthesis, Structure, and Anticoagulant Properties.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2025Article
- Establishing a robust triangulation framework to explore the relationship between hearing loss and Parkinson's disease.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2025Article
- A discovery and verification approach to pharmacovigilance using electronic healthcare data.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Limitations in Contemporary Pharmacological Stroke Prevention Therapies in Atrial Fibrillation: A Descriptive Literature Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Nonvitamin K oral anticoagulants with proton pump inhibitor cotherapy ameliorated the risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Risk Profiles of New Users of Oral Anticoagulants Between 2011 and 2019 in Germany.Clinical epidemiology · 2023Article
- Pyrazole-Based Thrombin Inhibitors with a Serine-Trapping Mechanism of Action: Synthesis and Biological Activity.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Clinical outcomes in patients receiving edoxaban or phenprocoumon for prevention of stroke in atrial fibrillation: a German real-world cohort study.Thrombosis journal · 2022Article
- Effectiveness and Safety of Apixaban in over 3.9 Million People with Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Anticoagulation for atrial fibrillation in heart failure patients: balancing between Scylla and Charybdis.Journal of geriatric cardiology : JGC · 2021Article
- Use, Persistence, Efficacy, and Safety of Apixaban in Patients with Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation in Unselected Patients in Germany. Results of the Prospective Apixaban in Atrial Fibrillation (APAF) Registry.Cardiology and therapy · 2020Article
- Left atrial appendage closure in patients with a reduced left ventricular ejection fraction: results from the multicenter German LAARGE registry.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2020Article
- Validation of National Cardiovascular Data Registry risk models for mortality, bleeding and acute kidney injury in interventional cardiology at a German Heart Center.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2020Article
- Direct oral anticoagulants and vitamin K antagonists are linked to differential profiles of cardiac function and lipid metabolism.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2019Observational
- Safety and effectiveness of apixaban in Japanese patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation in clinical practice: A regulatory postmarketing surveillance, the STANDARD study.Journal of arrhythmia · 2019Article
- Sustained atrial fibrillation increases the risk of anticoagulation-related bleeding in heart failure.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundNon-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) are at least as effective and safe as vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation (AF). All pivotal trials have compared NOACs to warfarin. However, other VKAs are commonly used, for instance phenprocoumon. PATIENTS AND
methodsA retrospective cohort study using a German claims database assessed the comparative risks of bleeding leading to hospitalization during therapy with NOACs and phenprocoumon in AF patients. Endpoints consisted of major bleeding, gastrointestinal bleeding, and any bleeding. Data were collected from January 1, 2013 to March 31, 2015. Patients newly initiated on dabigatran, apixaban, rivaroxaban, or phenprocoumon were included. Hazard Ratios for bleeding events were derived from Cox proportional hazard models, adjusting for differences in baseline characteristics. Propensity score matching was performed as a sensitivity analysis.
resultsA total of 35,013 patients were identified, including 3138 on dabigatran, 3633 on apixaban, 12,063 on rivaroxaban, and 16,179 on phenprocoumon. Patients prescribed apixaban or phenprocoumon were older compared to those on dabigatran or rivaroxaban and had a higher CHA
conclusionsApixaban therapy is associated with a significantly reduced risk of bleeding compared to phenprocoumon. Bleeding risk with dabigatran was similar to that of phenprocoumon but bleeding risk with rivaroxaban was higher.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.