ArticleThe Pan African medical journal2016
Prevalence and comorbidities of autism among children referred to the outpatient clinics for neurodevelopmental disorders.
Article in The Pan African medical journal, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Advantages of combining multiple eye-tracking paradigms for distinguishing young autistic from non-autistic children.Molecular autism · 2026Article
- Determinants of Positive Evolution of Symptoms in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) during the COVID-19 Lockdown in the Democratic Republic of Congo. (DRC).Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Article
- Comparative Visual Perception Patterns in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Mild Intellectual Disability: A Cross-Sectional Study.Consortium psychiatricum · 2025Article
- Cancer and Autism: How PTEN Mutations Degrade Function at the Membrane and Isoform Expression in the Human Brain.Journal of molecular biology · 2023Article
- The Influence of Sleep Disorders on Neurobiological Structures and Cognitive Processes in Pediatric Population with ASD and Epilepsy: A Systematic Review.European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education · 2023Review
- Article
- Family quality of life among families who have children with mild intellectual disability associated with mild autism spectrum disorder.Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria · 2022Article
- The Diagnosis and Management of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in Adult Females in the Presence or Absence of an Intellectual Disability.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- Validity and reliability of the Neurodevelopmental Screening Tool (NDST) in screening for neurodevelopmental disorders in children living in rural Kenyan coast.Wellcome open research · 2021Article
- Brief Report: Autistic Adults Assign Less Weight to Affective Cues When Judging Others' Ambiguous Emotional States.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2020Article
- Genetic landscape of autism spectrum disorder in Vietnamese children.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Editorial: Comorbidity and Autism Spectrum Disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2020Article
- A fully-automated event-based variant prioritizing solution to the CAGI5 intellectual disability gene panel challenge.Human mutation · 2019Article
- Circulating miRNAs, Small but Promising Biomarkers for Autism Spectrum Disorder.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2019Review
- The Estimated Prevalence of Autism in School-Aged Children Living in Rural Nepal Using a Population-Based Screening Tool.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionAutism spectrum disorders (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that has been rarely diagnosed in Sub-Saharan Africa. Although a proportion of children do present features of ASD in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), little is known about it prevalence. Often, the co-morbidities constitute the upfront symptoms and therefore may it recognition and management difficult, aggravating as such the prognosis. The present study therefore aimed at studying the clinical profile of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and the associated morbidities among children and adolescents in outpatient clinics in Kinshasa, the Democratic Republic of Congo.
methodsWe conducted a cross sectional study in the three outpatients centers receiving patients referred for neurodevelopmental disorders in Kinshasa, DRC, from June 2008 to June 2010. A total of 450 subjects aged from 1-18 years old were referred and included in the study. The clinical diagnosis for ASD was made using the DSM-IV-R and the ADIR. Co-morbidities were identified using DSM-IV-R criteria together with an extensive clinical interview and observation. All patients were subject to an intellectual quotient evaluation and an electroencephalogram reporting.
resultsOf the 450 subjects referred, 120 (29.3%) received the diagnosis of ASD, with boys outnumbering girls (OR 3:1. The mean age was 7.9 years (SD 3.4) (p< 0.001). Intellectual disability (75.83 %) and epilepsy (72.50%) were the main co-morbidities significantly associated with autism (p< 0.001). It was also found that co-morbidities were most frequent in subjects with an IQ<70 (p=0.05).
conclusionASD is frequent among patients referred for neurodevelopmental disorders in the three outpatients' centers for neurodevelopmental disorders in Kinshasa. Males seem to be more affected than female. The main co-morbidities were epilepsy and intellectual disabilities. Our findings suggest that it is important to screen for ASD and co-morbidities among all subjects referred for neurodevelopmental disorders and to undertake survey on ASD in various structures of rejected children from the society in Kinshasa DRC. This will help to identify and manage ASD and associated co-morbidities at an early stage for a better prognosis.
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