ArticleJournal of visualized experiments : JoVE2017
Introducing Clicker Training as a Cognitive Enrichment for Laboratory Mice.
Article in Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effects of Clicker Training on Behavioral and Stress Markers of Welfare in the F1 Generation of CD1 Mice: A Pilot Study.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Article
- Blood Sampling in Göttingen Minipigs-A Case Study of Two Standard Methods and Clicker Training as a Restraint-Free Alternative.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- The implementation of tunnel handling in a mouse breeding facility revealed strain-specific behavioural responses.Laboratory animals · 2024Article
- Clicker Training in Minipigs to Reduce Stress during Blood Collection-An Example of Applied Refinement.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- What Can Laboratory Animal Facility Managers Do to Improve the Welfare of Laboratory Animals and Laboratory Animal Facility Staff? A German Perspective.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Minding the Minds: A Primer on Cognitive Challenge for Marine Mammals in Human Care.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Review
- Lockbox enrichment facilitates manipulative and cognitive activities for mice.Open research Europe · 2024Article
- Clicker Training as an Applied Refinement Measure in Chickens.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Research Animal Behavioral Management Programs for the 21st Century.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Review
- Decreased levels of discomfort in repeatedly handled mice during experimental procedures, assessed by facial expressions.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2023Article
- Why workshops work: Examining the efficacy of training trainers to train goats.Animal welfare (South Mimms, England) · 2023Article
- Clicker Training Mice for Improved Compliance in the Catwalk Test.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- Refinement in the European Union: A Systematic Review.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Review
- Environmental Enrichment for Rats and Mice Housed in Laboratories: A Metareview.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Review
- Use of nonaversive handling and training procedures for laboratory mice and rats: Attitudes of American and Canadian laboratory animal professionals.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2022Article
- Legal Frameworks and Controls for the Protection of Research Animals: A Focus on the Animal Welfare Body with a French Case Study.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Review
- Impulse for animal welfare outside the experiment.Laboratory animals · 2020Article
- Assessing Affective State in Laboratory Rodents to Promote Animal Welfare-What Is the Progress in Applied Refinement Research?Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2019Review
- Using Clicker Training and Social Observation to Teach Rats to Voluntarily Change Cages.Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Establishing new refinement strategies in laboratory animal science is a central goal in fulfilling the requirements of Directive 2010/63/EU. Previous research determined a profound impact of gentle handling protocols on the well-being of laboratory mice. By introducing clicker training to the keeping of mice, not only do we promote the amicable treatment of mice, but we also enable them to experience cognitive enrichment. Clicker training is a form of positive reinforcement training using a conditioned secondary reinforcer, the "click" sound of a clicker, which serves as a time bridge between the strengthened behavior and an upcoming reward. The effective implementation of the clicker training protocol with a cohort of 12 BALB/c inbred mice of each sex proved to be uncomplicated. The mice learned rather quickly when challenged with tasks of the clicker training protocol, and almost all trained mice overcame the challenges they were given (100% of female mice and 83% of male mice). This study has identified that clicker training for mice strongly correlates with reduced fear in the mice during human-mice interactions, as shown by reduced anxiety-related behaviors (e.g., defecation, vocalization, and urination) and fewer depression-like behaviors (e.g., floating). By developing a reliable protocol that can be easily integrated into the daily routine of the keeping of laboratory mice, the lifetime experience of welfare in the mice can be improved substantially.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.