ArticleEuropean child & adolescent psychiatry2017
Risk factors for comorbid oppositional defiant disorder in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
Article in European child & adolescent psychiatry, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neurological and biological correlations of ODD with ADHD in children and adolescents: a systematic review.BMC psychology · 2026Pooled it
- Emotional interference control and emotional conflict adaptation in children and adolescents with ADHD.BMC psychology · 2026Article
- Family-Focused Digital Mental Health Care for Pediatric Oppositional Symptoms and Caregiver Outcomes: Retrospective Analysis.JMIR pediatrics and parenting · 2026Article
- Exploring Transdiagnostic Mechanisms of Youth Externalizing Psychopathology: A Longitudinal Person-Centered Approach.Clinical psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science · 2026Article
- Developmental Pathways of Inattention, Hyperactivity/Impulsivity, and Disruptive Behaviors: A Longitudinal, Person-Centered Approach.Clinical psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science · 2025Article
- Neurodevelopmental and psychiatric conditions in 600 Swedish children with the avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder phenotype.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2025Article
- Predicting the onset of mental health problems in adolescents.Psychological medicine · 2025Article
- Can prosocial behavior buffer symptom severity and impairment in children and adolescents with ADHD symptoms in a clinical setting?BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Functional and structural connectivity of the subregions of the amygdala in ADHD children with or without ODD.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity symptoms and parental cognitions: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- The Clinical Implications of the Academic Performance of the Siblings of Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorder.Cureus · 2022Review
- Article
- Article
- Drinking and smoking polygenic risk is associated with childhood and early-adulthood psychiatric and behavioral traits independently of substance use and psychiatric genetic risk.Translational psychiatry · 2021Article
- Temperament Traits Mark Liability for Coexisting Psychiatric Symptoms in Children With Elevated ADHD Symptoms.Journal of attention disorders · 2021Article
- Helping Clinicians to Detect ODD in Children with ADHD in Clinical Settings.The Psychiatric quarterly · 2021Article
- Discrepancies of polygenic effects on symptom dimensions between adolescents and adults with ADHD.Psychiatry research. Neuroimaging · 2021Article
- Review
- Lifetime prevalence, sociodemographic predictors, and comorbidities of oppositional defiant disorder: the National Epidemiology of Iranian Child and Adolescent Psychiatric disorders (IRCAP).Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999) · 2020Article
- Affective dysregulation: a transdiagnostic research concept between ADHD, aggressive behavior conditions and borderline personality traits.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is highly prevalent in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Individuals with both ADHD and ODD (ADHD + ODD) show a considerably worse prognosis compared with individuals with either ADHD or ODD. Therefore, identification of risk factors for ADHD + ODD is essential and may contribute to the development of (early) preventive interventions. Participants were matched for age, gender, and ADHD-subtype (diagnostic groups), and did not differ in IQ. Predictors included pre- and perinatal risk factors (pregnancy duration, birth weight, maternal smoking during pregnancy), transgenerational factors (parental ADHD; parental warmth and criticism in diagnostic groups), and postnatal risk factors (parental socioeconomic status [SES], adverse life events, deviant peer affiliation). Three models were assessed, investigating risk factors for ADHD-only versus controls (N = 86), ADHD + ODD versus controls (N = 86), and ADHD + ODD versus ADHD-only (N = 90). Adverse life events and parental ADHD were risk factors for both ADHD + ODD and ADHD-only, and more adverse life events were an even stronger risk factor for comorbid ODD compared with ADHD-only. For ADHD + ODD, but not ADHD-only, parental criticism, deviant peer affiliation, and parental SES acted as risk factors. Maternal smoking during pregnancy acted as minor risk factor for ADHD-only, while higher birth weight acted as minor risk factor for ADHD + ODD. No effects of age were present. Findings emphasise the importance of these factors in the development of comorbid ODD. The identified risk factors may prove to be essential in preventive interventions for comorbid ODD in ADHD, highlighting the need for parent-focused interventions to take these factors into account.
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