Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28283772›Full record

ArticleCancer metastasis reviews2017

Identification, genetic testing, and management of hereditary melanoma.

Sancy A Leachman, Olivia M Lucero, Jone E Sampson, Pamela Cassidy, William Bruno, Paola Queirolo, Paola Ghiorzo

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cancer metastasis reviews, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
65citing papers in PubMed
4.8field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

65 citing papers in PubMed, 128 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. GermlineGenetics in medicine open · 2026
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Nanoemulsions in Skin Cancer Therapy: A Promising Frontier.Current pharmaceutical biotechnology · 2025
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Innate Immune Cells in Melanoma: Implications for Immunotherapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Review
  15. Article
  16. The risk of skin cancer in women who carry BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations.Hereditary cancer in clinical practice · 2024
    Article
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article

5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Sancy A LeachmanDepartment of Dermatology and Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA. leachmas@ohsu.edu.
Olivia M LuceroDepartment of Dermatology and Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
Jone E SampsonDepartment of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
Pamela CassidyDepartment of Dermatology and Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
William BrunoDepartment of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa and Genetics of Rare Cancers, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy.
Paola QueiroloDepartment of Medical Oncology, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy.
Paola GhiorzoDepartment of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa and Genetics of Rare Cancers, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy. paola.ghiorzo@unige.it.
Oregon Health & Science University · USOspedale Policlinico San Martino · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Several distinct melanoma syndromes have been defined, and genetic tests are available for the associated causative genes. Guidelines for melanoma genetic testing have been published as an informal "rule of twos and threes," but these guidelines apply to CDKN2A testing and are not intended for the more recently described non-CDKN2A melanoma syndromes. In order to develop an approach for the full spectrum of hereditary melanoma patients, we have separated melanoma syndromes into two types: "melanoma dominant" and "melanoma subordinate." Syndromes in which melanoma is a predominant cancer type are considered melanoma dominant, although other cancers, such as mesothelioma or pancreatic cancers, may also be observed. These syndromes are associated with defects in CDKN2A, CDK4, BAP1, MITF, and POT1. Melanoma-subordinate syndromes have an increased but lower risk of melanoma than that of other cancer(s) seen in the syndrome, such as breast and ovarian cancer or Cowden syndrome. Many of these melanoma-subordinate syndromes are associated with well-established predisposition genes (e.g., BRCA1/2, PTEN). It is likely that these predisposition genes are responsible for the increased susceptibility to melanoma as well but with lower penetrance than that observed for the dominant cancer(s) in those syndromes. In this review, we describe our extension of the "rule of twos and threes" for melanoma genetic testing. This algorithm incorporates an understanding of the spectrum of cancers and genes seen in association with melanoma to create a more comprehensive and tailored approach to genetic testing.

Indexed as

AlgorithmsGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenetic TestingHumansMelanomaGene panel sequencingGenetic syndromesGenetic testingInherited cancer riskMelanoma

Identifiers

PMID28283772
PMCPMC5385190
OpenAlexW2594856347

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.