Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28283598›Full record

ArticleNeurology2017

Leptomeningeal gadolinium enhancement across the spectrum of chronic neuroinflammatory diseases.

Martina Absinta, Irene C M Cortese, Luisa Vuolo, Govind Nair, Manori P de Alwis, Joan Ohayon, Alessandro Meani, Vittorio Martinelli, Roberta Scotti, Andrea Falini and 5 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Neurology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
51citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
8.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

51 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 107 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Guideline
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. COVID-19 associated brain/spinal cord lesions and leptomeningeal enhancement: A meta-analysis of the relationship to CSF SARS-CoV-2.Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging · 2021
    Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Decoding Gray Matter Involvement in Multiple Sclerosis via Imaging.Neuroimaging clinics of North America · 2024
    Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. The role of CD56Journal of neuroinflammation · 2024
    Review
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.

Martina AbsintaFrom the Division of Neuroimmunology and Neurovirology (M.A., I.C.M.C., L.V., G.N., M.P.d.A., J.O., B.R.S., A.N., S.J., D.S.R.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD; and the Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience (M.A., A.M., M.F.), Department of Neurology (V.M.), and Department of Neuroradiology (R.S., A.F.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy. martina.absinta@nih.gov daniel.reich@nih.gov.
Irene C M CorteseFrom the Division of Neuroimmunology and Neurovirology (M.A., I.C.M.C., L.V., G.N., M.P.d.A., J.O., B.R.S., A.N., S.J., D.S.R.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD; and the Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience (M.A., A.M., M.F.), Department of Neurology (V.M.), and Department of Neuroradiology (R.S., A.F.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
Luisa VuoloFrom the Division of Neuroimmunology and Neurovirology (M.A., I.C.M.C., L.V., G.N., M.P.d.A., J.O., B.R.S., A.N., S.J., D.S.R.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD; and the Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience (M.A., A.M., M.F.), Department of Neurology (V.M.), and Department of Neuroradiology (R.S., A.F.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
Govind NairFrom the Division of Neuroimmunology and Neurovirology (M.A., I.C.M.C., L.V., G.N., M.P.d.A., J.O., B.R.S., A.N., S.J., D.S.R.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD; and the Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience (M.A., A.M., M.F.), Department of Neurology (V.M.), and Department of Neuroradiology (R.S., A.F.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
Manori P de AlwisFrom the Division of Neuroimmunology and Neurovirology (M.A., I.C.M.C., L.V., G.N., M.P.d.A., J.O., B.R.S., A.N., S.J., D.S.R.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD; and the Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience (M.A., A.M., M.F.), Department of Neurology (V.M.), and Department of Neuroradiology (R.S., A.F.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
Joan OhayonFrom the Division of Neuroimmunology and Neurovirology (M.A., I.C.M.C., L.V., G.N., M.P.d.A., J.O., B.R.S., A.N., S.J., D.S.R.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD; and the Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience (M.A., A.M., M.F.), Department of Neurology (V.M.), and Department of Neuroradiology (R.S., A.F.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
Alessandro MeaniFrom the Division of Neuroimmunology and Neurovirology (M.A., I.C.M.C., L.V., G.N., M.P.d.A., J.O., B.R.S., A.N., S.J., D.S.R.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD; and the Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience (M.A., A.M., M.F.), Department of Neurology (V.M.), and Department of Neuroradiology (R.S., A.F.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
Vittorio MartinelliFrom the Division of Neuroimmunology and Neurovirology (M.A., I.C.M.C., L.V., G.N., M.P.d.A., J.O., B.R.S., A.N., S.J., D.S.R.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD; and the Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience (M.A., A.M., M.F.), Department of Neurology (V.M.), and Department of Neuroradiology (R.S., A.F.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
Roberta ScottiFrom the Division of Neuroimmunology and Neurovirology (M.A., I.C.M.C., L.V., G.N., M.P.d.A., J.O., B.R.S., A.N., S.J., D.S.R.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD; and the Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience (M.A., A.M., M.F.), Department of Neurology (V.M.), and Department of Neuroradiology (R.S., A.F.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
Andrea FaliniFrom the Division of Neuroimmunology and Neurovirology (M.A., I.C.M.C., L.V., G.N., M.P.d.A., J.O., B.R.S., A.N., S.J., D.S.R.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD; and the Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience (M.A., A.M., M.F.), Department of Neurology (V.M.), and Department of Neuroradiology (R.S., A.F.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
Bryan R SmithFrom the Division of Neuroimmunology and Neurovirology (M.A., I.C.M.C., L.V., G.N., M.P.d.A., J.O., B.R.S., A.N., S.J., D.S.R.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD; and the Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience (M.A., A.M., M.F.), Department of Neurology (V.M.), and Department of Neuroradiology (R.S., A.F.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
Avindra NathFrom the Division of Neuroimmunology and Neurovirology (M.A., I.C.M.C., L.V., G.N., M.P.d.A., J.O., B.R.S., A.N., S.J., D.S.R.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD; and the Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience (M.A., A.M., M.F.), Department of Neurology (V.M.), and Department of Neuroradiology (R.S., A.F.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
Steven JacobsonFrom the Division of Neuroimmunology and Neurovirology (M.A., I.C.M.C., L.V., G.N., M.P.d.A., J.O., B.R.S., A.N., S.J., D.S.R.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD; and the Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience (M.A., A.M., M.F.), Department of Neurology (V.M.), and Department of Neuroradiology (R.S., A.F.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
Massimo FilippiFrom the Division of Neuroimmunology and Neurovirology (M.A., I.C.M.C., L.V., G.N., M.P.d.A., J.O., B.R.S., A.N., S.J., D.S.R.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD; and the Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience (M.A., A.M., M.F.), Department of Neurology (V.M.), and Department of Neuroradiology (R.S., A.F.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
Daniel S ReichFrom the Division of Neuroimmunology and Neurovirology (M.A., I.C.M.C., L.V., G.N., M.P.d.A., J.O., B.R.S., A.N., S.J., D.S.R.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD; and the Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience (M.A., A.M., M.F.), Department of Neurology (V.M.), and Department of Neuroradiology (R.S., A.F.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy. martina.absinta@nih.gov daniel.reich@nih.gov.
Vita-Salute San Raffaele University · IT

Funding

Neuropathogenesis of Retroviral InfectionsZIANS003130 · NINDS · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE · PI NATH, AVINDRA · 2011 to 2025
$73.7M
Multimodal MRI in Multiple SclerosisZIANS003119 · NINDS · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE · PI REICH, DANIEL · 2010 to 2025
$53.4M
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo assess the prevalence and the specificity of leptomeningeal enhancement (LME) on postcontrast T2-fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) MRI in multiple sclerosis (MS) compared to a variety of inflammatory and noninflammatory neurologic conditions assessed in 2 academic research hospitals.

methodsOn 3T postcontrast T2-FLAIR images, the presence of focal gadolinium enhancement was evaluated in the leptomeningeal compartment in 254 people with non-MS neurologic conditions or neurotropic viral infections. Based on their clinical diagnosis, patients were grouped as follows: (1) other-than-MS inflammatory neurologic diseases; (2) noninflammatory neurologic diseases; (3) human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV)-infected; (4) HIV-infected; (5) healthy volunteers.

resultsLME was detected in 56/254 non-MS cases (22%) vs 74/299 (25%) of MS cases. LME was nearly 4-fold more frequent in non-MS inflammatory neurologic conditions (18/51 cases, 35%) than in noninflammatory neurologic conditions (3/38, 8%) and healthy volunteers (5/66, 8%). The highest prevalence of LME was detected in HTLV infection (17/38 cases, 45%), particularly in the setting of HTLV-associated myelopathy (14/25 cases, 56%). LME also frequently occurred in HIV infection (13/61 cases, 21%). Unlike in MS, LME is not associated with lower brain and cortical volumes in non-MS inflammatory neurologic conditions, including HTLV and HIV infection.

conclusionsDespite its relevance to MS pathogenesis and cortical pathology, LME is not specific to MS, occurring frequently in non-MS inflammatory neurologic conditions and especially in those patients with HTLV-associated myelopathy. Overall, this strengthens the notion that LME localizes inflammation-related focal disruption of the blood-meninges barrier and associated scarring.

Indexed as

Magnetic Resonance ImagingAdultAgedCohort StudiesCross-Sectional StudiesEncephalitisFemaleGadoliniumHIV InfectionsHumansImaging, Three-DimensionalLeukocyte CountLinear ModelsMaleMeningesMiddle AgedGadoliniumOligoclonal Bands

Identifiers

PMID28283598
PMCPMC5386437
OpenAlexW2593862546

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.