ArticleJournal of the American Geriatrics Society2017
Ethnic Differences in Advance Directive Completion and Care Preferences: What Has Changed in a Decade?
Article in Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Impact of Race and Physician-Patient Racial Concordance on the Incidence of Inpatient Advance Care Planning.Journal of general internal medicine · 2026Observational
- Observational
- From cultural constraints to structural resilience: a comparative analysis of end-of-life care policies in China, South Korea, the U.S., and the U.K.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Planning for the Future: Advance Care Planning Knowledge, Discussion and Decision-Making Among Older, Sexual Minority Adults.The American journal of hospice & palliative care · 2026Article
- A Research Agenda to Mitigate Racial and Ethnic Disparities in U.S. Critical Care Medicine: An Official American Thoracic Society Research Statement.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2025Article
- Effectiveness of an educational intervention in enhancing end-of-life care understanding and decision-making in African Americans.Palliative & supportive care · 2025Article
- Article
- Multidisciplinary clinician perceptions on utility of a machine learning tool (ALERT) to predict 6-month mortality and improve end-of-life outcomes for advanced cancer patients.Cancer medicine · 2025Article
- Advance care planning in Hispanic populations with Parkinson's Disease: Investigating disparities in end-of life care.Clinical parkinsonism & related disorders · 2025Article
- Role of Uncertainty in Illness and Coping Strategies in Advance Directive Completion in Patients With End-stage Liver Disease.Journal of clinical gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Advance directives prior to COVID-19 diagnosis in a United States national healthcare system.PloS one · 2025Article
- Living and dying between cultural traditions in African & Caribbean Heritage families: a constructivist grounded theory.BMC palliative care · 2024Article
- Insurance Type and Withdrawal of Life-Sustaining Therapy in Critically Injured Trauma Patients.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Establishing a Spanish-Focused Advance Care Planning Educational Session for Latina Breast Cancer Survivors.Journal of cancer education : the official journal of the American Association for Cancer Education · 2024Article
- Advance Care Planning and Palliative Care Consultation in Kidney Transplantation.American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation · 2024Article
- What matters most to older adults: Racial and ethnic considerations in values for current healthcare planning.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2023Article
- Advance Care Planning for Spanish-Language Speakers: Patient, Family, and Interpreter Perspectives.Journal of applied gerontology : the official journal of the Southern Gerontological Society · 2023Article
- Patient Engagement With Early Stage Advance Care Planning at a Comprehensive Cancer Center.The oncologist · 2023Article
- Automatable end-of-life screening for older adults in the emergency department using electronic health records.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2023Observational
- The Association of Chinese Ethnicity and Language Preference with Advance Directive Completion Among Older Patients in an Integrated Health System.Journal of general internal medicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Studies have documented ethnic differences in advance directive (AD) completion, with lower rates in minority groups. Of those with ADs, blacks are more likely than whites to prefer aggressive care, but little is known about how these differences in preferences have changed over time in ethnic groups. This nationally representative study aimed to investigate whether these differences in AD development persisted after adjusting for important confounding variables. Year of death was analyzed to see how AD completion changed over time within ethnic groups, and for those with an AD, the association between these factors and opting for aggressive care was investigated. Data from the 2000 to 2012 Health and Retirement Study (HRS) exit interviews from 7,177 decedents were used. Analyses included logistic regression to determine the relationship between ethnicity and AD completion and preferences for aggressive care and how it changed over time in ethnic groups. Forty-six percent of decedents had completed an AD (whites 51.7%, Hispanics 18.0%, blacks 15.0%). Of blacks completing an AD, 23.8% elected prolonged care, compared with 13.3% of Hispanics and 3.3% of whites. Logistic regression revealed that blacks 75% lower odds of completing an AD and Hispanics had 70% lower odds. Model covariates had a small influence on ethnic differences, although in examining the change in AD completion over time, the odds of having an AD increased with each subsequent death year for blacks and whites but not Hispanics. Additional research is needed to investigate the effect of cultural differences in AD completion rates of ethnic minority groups to ensure that preferences are honored in the clinical setting.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.